《戴炜栋《简明英语语言学教程》配套笔记》.pdf

戴炜栋《简明英语语言学教程》配套笔记 ofknowledge andinformation [B]The propertiesoflanguage [[BB]]TThhee pprrooppeerrttiieessooffllaanngguuaaggee Chapter 1 Whatislanguage? CChhaapptteerr 11 WWhhaattiissllaanngguuaaggee?? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used [A]The origins oflanguage [[AA]]TThhee oorriiggiinnss ooffllaanngguuaaggee forhumancommunication. Somespeculations ofthe origins oflanguage: SSoommeessppeeccuullaattiioonnss oofftthhee oorriiggiinnss ooffllaanngguuaaggee:: a)System: combined together accordingtorules The divine source ① TThhee ddiivviinnee ssoouurrccee b) Arbitrary: no intrinsic connection between the word The basic hypothesis: if infants were allowed to grow up “pen” andthe thing intheworld which itrefersto without hearing any language, then they would c)Vocal: the primarymedium issound foralllanguages spontaneously begin using the original god-given d) Human: language is human-specific（交际性与信息 language. 性） Communicative vs.Informative: Actually,children livingwithout accesstohumanspeech CCoommmmuunniiccaattiivvee vvss..IInnffoorrmmaattiivvee:: intheir earlyyearsgrow upwithno language atall. Communicative: intentionally using language to The natural-sound source ② TThhee nnaattuurraall--ssoouunndd ssoouurrccee communicate something The bow-wow theory: the suggestion is that primitive Informative: through/via a number of signals that arenot words could have been imitations of the natural sounds