第六章 医学统计的基础内容(国外英文资料).doc

第六章 医学统计的基本内容 Chapter vi the basic contents of medical statistics The meaning of the first section of medical statistics Use mathematical statistics to study medical phenomena or phenomena Group quantitative characteristics, called medical statistics or medical statistics. with Quantity reflects quality and group induction is the two characteristics of statistical method. Medical phenomena generally follow The phenomenon of the machine, the quantity of the individual, is conditioned by the laws of nature, and is influenced by many contingencies, Only statistical methods can reveal the essential laws that are masked by chance. The boys height, for example The age increases, but the boy is tall and short, and some older boys are older than their age Small boys are short, and only statistical methods can reveal the inevitability of a boys height with age The rule. Another example: treating a disease with a certain drug, which is ineffective for some patients and may even be individual The patient has a negative effect; For others, the effectiveness is different; Only in statistics Methods can be used to determine the efficacy of this drug in treating the disease. So the medical statistical method is to know all kinds of medical things Or the important tools of phenomena, which are important for medical science research and disease prevention and control, are medical students Basic knowledge and basic skills required. In the study of medical statistics, we should first make clear the basic concepts of statistics. Unit of research and research unit (unit) or unit of observation, unit of measurement The individual in the study was determined according to the purpose of the study. For example, one person, one head Animals, 1 eye, 1 family, 1 ml of water. Factor or index, It describes the individual characteristics of the individual. There are many factors that describe individuals, and the factors that are to be studied are called studies Element. For example, people are