胶粘剂英语部分习题.doc

1 Amino-resins are polymeric products of aldehyde reaction with compounds arraying --NH2 or --NH groups such groups are mainly amide groups, such as those in urea and melamine. 氨基树脂是醛与以尿素、三聚氰胺为主的带有--NH2 或 –NH基的化合物反应生成的高分子产物。 2 Formaldehyde is the main aldehyde used. Other aldehydes, such as furfural（糠醛）, are generally not used for wood adhesives. 使用的醛类主要是甲醛，其它的醛，如糠醛，不常用于木材胶粘剂（的合成）。 3 The advantage of amino-resin adhesives are：their initial water solubility, their hardness, nonfiammabfiity, good thermal properties. 氨基树脂胶粘剂具有一定的水溶性、硬度、不燃及良好的热性能。 4 Although many amino-compounds have been investigated for use in production of amino-resins, only urea and melamine and, in rare cases aniline, are extensively used. 虽然可用于氨基树脂合成的许多氨基化合物都被研究过，但广泛使用的仅有尿素和三聚氰胺。 5 Thermosetting amino resins produced from urea and melamine are built up by condensation polymerization. 通过缩聚反应用尿素和三聚氰胺生产热固性氨基树脂。 6 Urea and melamine are reacted with formaldehyde, which results in the formation of additional products, such as methylol compounds. 尿素和三聚氰胺与甲醛反应生成如羟甲基化合物一样的加成产物。 7 Methylol compounds further reaction, and the concurrent elimination of water, leads to the formation of low molecular weight condensates which are still soluble. 羟甲基化合物进一步反应，同时脱水，生成仍具有水溶性的低分子量的缩聚产物。 8 Higher molecular weight products, which are insoluble and infusible, are obtained by further condensing the low molecular weight condensates. 进一步的缩合低分子量的缩聚产物生成不溶不熔的高分子量产物。 9 Urea- and melamine-formaldehyde (UF and MF) resins have a great deal in common as regards the chemical and physical characteristics of both the cured and uncured resins. 无论是固化还是未固化的尿素和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂 与尿醛树脂相比，三聚氰胺甲醛树脂具有较好的耐水性、耐热性，较高的硬度，较短的固化时间，对固化条件的要求也没那么苛刻。 11 The greatest disadvantage of MF is their bond deterioration, caused by water and moisture. 三聚氰胺甲醛树脂最大的缺点是由于水和湿作用导致化学键断裂。 12 The higher resistance of MF resins to water attack is due to the considerably lower solubility of melamine in water. 三聚氰胺甲醛树脂耐水性好极可能是由于三聚氰胺在水中溶解度较低。 13 Melam