莎翁在中国 中英对照阅读.docx

莎翁在中国William Shakespeare was placed on a pedestal when his name first appeared in Chinese publications around 1839. Great scholars and artists have since made numerous attempts to bring the "Swan of Avon" to a Chinese-speaking audience. Although statistics are hard to come by, it's almost certain that he is the most translated foreign author and the most staged foreign dramatist.大约在1839年，莎士比亚的名字首次出现在中国的出版物中，人们很崇拜他。从那以后，伟大的学者、艺术家们无数次尝试将这位“埃文河上的诗人”及其作品呈现给中国观众。虽然统计资料很难获取，但几乎可以肯定的是，作为一名外国作家，莎士比亚作品的中译本数量最多；作为一名外国剧作家，他的剧本在中国被搬上舞台最多次。Shakespeare (1564-1616) who was born and died on the same date, April 23－now the UNESCO-anointed World Book Day－has been an inspiration for several generations of Chinese readers and theatergoers. (Spain's Miguel de Cervantes died on the same day April 23, 1616; and Tang Xianzu, arguably China's greatest dramatist and author of The Peony Pavilion, died in the same year.)莎士比亚（1564-1616）的生卒日都是4月23日，这一天同时也是联合国教科文组织指定的世界读书日。他为好几代中国读者和戏剧家提供了创作灵感。（西班牙塞万提斯和莎士比亚于同一天——1616年4月23日去世；汤显祖——可以说是中国最伟大的剧作家，同时也是《牡丹亭》的作者——和莎士比亚同年去世。）While the Chinese only spotlight about a dozen of Shakespeare's plays, academic research tends to have a much wider focus. Most of the approaches are oriented toward discovering the social context of his works and recreating them, in text and on the stage, as close to the original as possible. Productions place great emphasis on replicating the "foreignness" of the characters and sets, and translators spend more time trying to figure out how to render the poetic forms, rather than the rich layers of meaning.虽然在中国，人们只关注莎士比亚的十二部戏剧，但是学术研究涉及了更广阔的范围。研究方法大多倾向于探究其作品的社会背景、尽可能原汁原味地使其作品在剧本和舞台上再现。这些戏剧的制作十分强调复制其人物角色和场景的“异域性”，译者花更多时间去想如何翻译诗歌的形式，而不是诗歌的多层含义。In the past two decades, Chinese dramatists have experimented with increasingly liberal treatments of the Bard's plays and texts. The eminent Chinese theater director Lin Zhaohua has said he "does not serve Shakespeare" when he takes on one of his plays. "I use my heart and soul to approach his