20世纪五、六十年代水利建设运动中的女性——以福建省惠安县惠女水库为例.pdf

2011 年5 月 妇女研究论丛 May. 2011 第3 期 总第105 期 Collection of Women爷s Studies No.3 Ser.No.105 20世纪五、六十年代水利建设运动中的女性 ———以福建省惠安县惠女水库为例 杨齐福 汪炜伟1 2 (1.福建师范大学 社会历史学院，福建 福州 350108；2.南开大学 历史学院，天津 300071) 关键词：惠女水库；惠安女形象；女性解放 摘 要：20世纪五、六十年代中国大地掀起一股水利建设热潮，众多女性参与其中。福建惠安的“惠女水库”便是由当地女 性民工建成的，因此颇受社会关注。在“惠女水库”的建设过程中，女性被动员起来，并通过劳动竞赛、表彰模范等形式，重塑女性 形象，表达“女性解放”、“男女平等”的理想。然而，这种女性解放并非源自女性自觉，亦存在将女性问题等同于阶级问题的误解， 同时表现出让女性简单模仿男性的现象。这种做法尽管在当时有其政治合理性，但缺少对女性本身的关注，同时也使两性平等 的实现方式简单化。 中图分类号：C912.82 文献标识：A 文章编号：1004-2563（2011 ）03-0069-08 1 2 YANG Qi-fu WANG Wei-wei (1.SchoolofSocialHistory atthe FujianNormal University,Fuzhou350108, FujianProvince, China;2.DepartmentofHistory atthe Nankai University,Tianjin300071, China) Hui Womens Reservoir, image of women in Huian, womens liberation Many women participated in the water construction movements in the 1950s and 60s. Hui Womens Reservoir that was built by women construction workers drafted among nearby villages attracted wide public attention. Throughout the construction of the Hui Womens Reservoir women were mobilized to achieve titles as model workers and to win awards in contests for best work perfor- mance achievers and motivated to adopt a new womens image with aspirations for womens liberation and equality between men and women. However, this notion of womens liberation did not come from women and also was based on a misunderstanding of womens issues equal to class issues and an inspiration for women to follow mens images. Although this way of thinking w