公共危机协同治理视野下的公民参与问题研究.doc

沈阳师范大学学士学位论文 公共危机协同治理视野下的公民参与问题研究 PAGE PAGE I 摘 要 危机无处不在、无时不有，人类历史进程也是一个危机发展进化的过程。尤其是正处于转型期阶段的中国，正面临着风险社会所带来的各式各样的挑战。我国社会发展的六大目标之一保障发展安全，这从现实角度出发把对危机治理的重视度上升了一个层次，也是应对新冠肺炎肆虐下的国情做出的重大论断。 一方面，在传统的公共危机治理中，政府一直作为单向运作主体，官僚体制的束缚使政府在公共危机治理中出现力不从心的局面。另一方面，大量资源的调配困难，政府负担过大，难以做到合理有效应对。公民往往也无法有效的参与到协同治理中，更无法发挥其独特的优势，难以做到协同有效治理。这种公共危机应对模式，存在着巨大的弊端。治理理论给予我们全新的思考和启示，公共管理不应该局限于政府唯一的主体。加强公民的参与将使社会治理结构和模式发生巨大变化，公共危机协同治理也更为完善，能够在公共危机的整个周期内减少损伤。 必须承认的是公共危机协同治理的公民参与路径存在一定的问题，例如参与程度低，公民参与法律保障不足以及沟通渠道不畅等。针对公共危机协同治理的现状进行分析和探究，寻找优化方法，提出合理的建议，极具探讨价值。 本文通过公共危机协同治理视野的公民参与的视角入手。探讨新时代的中国社会中危机协同治理下公民参与的价值，对参与的现状进行描述，指出其中的问题和背后的原因，并提出合理的解决路径。 关键词：公共危机治理；协同治理；公民参与 PAGE PAGE II Abstract Crisis is everywhere and all the time, and the process of human history is also a process of crisis development and evolution. In particular, China, which is in the stage of transition, is facing various challenges brought about by the risk society. One of the six goals of Chinas social development is safeguarding development security. This takes the importance of crisis management to a higher level from a realistic perspective and is a major assertion made in response to the national situation under the ravages of the new crown pneumonia. On the one hand, the government has been a one-way operation in traditional public crisis management, and the bureaucratic constraints have made the government incompetent in public crisis management. On the other hand, it is difficult to deploy large amounts of resources, and the government is overburdened to respond reasonably effectively. Citizens are often unable to participate effectively in collaborative governance, much less bring their unique strengths into play, making it difficult to achieve collaborative and effective governance. This model of public crisis response has enormous drawbacks. Governance theory gives us a new way of thinking and inspiration. Public management should not be limited to the government as the only subject.