Chapter 1 Production and Operation Management分析和总结最新分析和总结.docx

ProductionandOperationManagement

ChengGuoping

Chapter1 Introduction

ProductionSystem

Productionandoperationsintheorganization

FunctionandjobsofPOM

DecisionMakinginPOM

Theemergenceofproductionandoperationmanagement

ProductionSystem

Production and operation management (POM) is the management of an

organizations production system, which converts input

into

the organization s

productsandservices.

1.1Productionsystemmodel

Inputs conversionssubsystem

output

External

ExternalLegal/politicalSocialEconomic

Technological

DirectOutputs

ProductsServices

MarketCompetitionProductInformationCustomer

Desires

Conversion

Subsystem

ResourcesPeopleMaterialsEnergyCapitalEquipmentFacilities

Technology

IndirectOutputs

Taxes

WagesandsalariesTechnological

DevelopmentEmployeeImpactEnvironmentImpacts

SocialImpact

Feedback

Feedback

ControlSubsystem

Figure1AproductionSystemModel

Commongroundanddifferencesbetweenmanufacturingandservices

CommonGround:

Entailcustomersatisfactionasakeymeasureofeffectiveness

Requiredemandforecasting

Requiredesignofboththeproductandtheprocess

Involvepurchaseofmaterials,supplies,andservices

Requireequipment,tools,buildings,andskills,etc.

Differences:

Customercontact

Serviceinvolvesamuchhigherdegreeofcustomercontactthanmanufacturingdoes.Theperformanceofaservicetypicallyoccursatthepointofconsumption.

Manufacturingallowsaseparationbetweenproductionandconsumption.

Uniformityofinput

Serviceoperations are subjectto morevariability of inputs than manufacturingoperationsare.Eachpatient,eachlawn,eachTVpresentsaspecificproblem.

Laborcontentofjobs

Manufacturing---capital-intensiveService---ahigherlaborcontent.

Uniformityofoutput

Products--standardization,lowvariability,smooth,efficientService--customization,variable,slow.

Store

Goodsmaybestored

Servicesareconsumedduringdelivery,cannotbestored.

Measurement