高效薄层色谱法鉴别6种中药多糖.doc

高效薄层色谱法鉴别6种中药多糖 杨成，* （澳门大学中华医药研究院，澳门） 摘要：目的 。方法 结果结论关键词：， Discrimination of Polysaccharides from Six Traditional Chinese Medicines using High-performance Thin-layer Chromatography YANG Cheng, GUAN Jia, ZHANG Jiang-sheng, LI Shao-ping* (Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China) ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE To distinguish the polysaccharides from different Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). METHODS The acid hydrolyzates of polysaccharides were analyzed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) combined with two coloration methods and thin layer scanning technique. RESULTS The chromatography was performed on nano silica gel 60 plate with n-butanol -methanol-chloroform- acetic acid-water (12.5:5:4.5:1.5:1.5, v/v/v/v/v) as mobile phase. 7 monosaccharides and 2 glycuronic acids were used as reference compounds. The aniline-diphenylamine solution and ninhydrin solution were employed for detection of saccharides and amino acids, respectively. The polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis, Ganoderma lucidum, Astragalus memberanaceus, Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolii and Panax notogiseng were easily discriminated based on their characteristic TLC profiles. CONCLUSION A simple, rapid and effective HPTLC method was developed for distinguishing the polysaccharides from 6 TCMs, which is helpful to control the quality of polysaccharides from Chinese medicine. KEY WORDS: Polysaccharides; HPTLC; Quality control; TCMs 多糖是一类由单糖（通常大于10个）通过糖苷键连接而成的生物大分子聚合物，是生物体维持生命活动的必需物质。近年来，由传统中药及天然药物中分离得到的多糖类成分，因其广泛的生物活性，如抗肿瘤，调节免疫，抗病毒等[1-4]已成为多糖研究的热点。然而，如何鉴别不同来源的中药多糖一直是个难题，也是多糖质量控制的关键问题。目前多种现代仪器分析方法，如薄层色谱[5]、气相色谱[6]、高效液相色谱[7]、质谱[8]、核磁共振[9]等已应用于多糖的结构分析中，其中薄层色谱因其简单、快速、样本量大、成本低等优点已成为单糖、寡糖成分鉴别的常用方法[5]。本文应用高效薄层色谱（HPTLC）法对6种常用中药多糖的酸水解产物进行分析，以7种单糖和2种糖醛酸为对照，采用2种不同的显色剂对组成糖类成分及结合氨基酸类成分分别显色，获得了可用于鉴别的特征薄层色谱。 1 仪器与试药 Desga 高效薄层系统（含AS30自动点样器，CD60扫描仪，Pro Quant扫描软件 德国Desga公司）；双槽展开缸；高效硅胶60板（德国MACHEREY-NAGEL 公司）。微波提取仪 (Multiwave3000, Antonpaar, 奥地利) D-半乳糖，D-葡萄糖，D-核糖，D-木糖，D-甘露糖