【管理信息系统课件】Conceptualize Information Systems from various Perspectives.ppt

Session 2: Conceptualize Information Systems from various Perspectives Data, information and knowledge What is Information Systems ? Information systems from systems perspective Information Systems from function perspective Information systems from application perspective Information systems from business perspective Information systems from information management 1、DATA & INFORMATION & KWONLEDGE DATA: Streams of raw facts representing events such as business transactions, simple observations of the state of the world Easily structured Easily captured on machines Often quantified Easily transferred INFORMATION: Data endowed with relevance and purpose, or, Clusters of facts meaningful & useful to human beings in processes such as making decisions. Requires unit of analysis Need consensus on the meaning Human mediation necessary DATA & INFORMATION & KWONLEDGE KNOWLEDGE Information from the human mind (includes reflection, synthesis, context ) Information synthesized and contextualized to provide value. Hard to structure Difficult to capture on machining Hard to transfer What is Information Systems? From Application Perspective CASE: Cisco Systems Founded in late 1984. Industry characteristics: Technology change fast Many players: compete intensively Complex environment: many technologies co-exist CEO&P: “if you don't stay ahead of trends, they'll destroy everything you work for and tragically disrupt the lives of your employees.”. Cisco Systems’s Strategy Vision: to provide an end-to-end single vendor solution that provides more value as integrated set than any best-of-breed implementation from multiple vendors. Goal: to be the market leader in all of the markets in which it operates. Products: A broad range of network hardware products; IOS software which provides network services and enables networked applications Professional services in network service design and implementation Technical service and support Cisco’s Products Cisco Systems’s Strategy Cus