优秀毕业论文（设计）：基于PIC16C74单片机的电动自行车无位置传感器直流无刷永磁电动机设计.doc

摘要 近年来，随着人们生活的改善，摩托车、燃油助力车得到迅速发展，其排放的尾气已造成城市空气严重污染，一些城市相继制定法规限制摩托车、燃油助力车的使用来保护环境。发展短距离的绿色交通工具替代摩托车、燃油助力车成为一些国家的经济和社会课题。 电动自行车具有“零排放”，是一种比较好的短距离绿色交通工具。由于电池问题，限制了电动自行车的行驶距离，但可以通过提高系统的效率来改善其性能。 本课题研制的电动自行车用无位置传感器直流无刷永磁电动机来驱动，用PIC16C74单片机作为主控芯片，它不仅克服了有刷直流电机的噪音、换向火花等缺点，而且避免了有位置传感器直流无刷电机因位置传感器带来的不足；同时，它降低了制造和使用过程中的成本，提高了使用和维护的方便性，具有效率高、环保、经济和方便的特点以及具有良好运行性能和巨大的市场潜力。 关键词：电动自行车；位置传感器；直流无刷电动机；单片机控制 Abstract In the recent years，the motorbike has rapidly developed with the improving of living Chinese People. Because of air pollution of internal combustion engine the local governments of different cities in China come on a lot of rules of law to restrict the use of combustion engine and then to promote the environment protection. To replace the motorbike with a short green transportation has become some nations’ economic and social issue. This paper deals with an electric motor driven bike (EB) and its control stratagem. Without fail，EB 15 very helpful to environment protection. Nevertheless EB has its disadvantages，especially the too weak continuous run distance. Except the battery problem，the efficiency of the whole system 15 also one of the most important problems to be solved. A permanent brush-less and sensor-less DC motor and its control set are specially designed for this developed EB. A study on control stratagem and electronic resorts are given in this paper. A microchip PIC16C74 used as CPU and corresponding software developed by author 15 introduced in this control system. The experiments of the prototype show that the performance，including system efficiency，noise，spark，maintenance-free and its cost are obviously improved. It may be expected，that this EB driving system has really huge market potential.Key Words: Motor Bike；Position Sensor；BLDC Motor；Microcomputer controlled 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 概述 - 1 - 1.1 电动自行车的意义及发展状况 - 1 - 1.1.1 电动自行车的意义 - 1 - 1.1.2 电动自行车的发展状况 - 2 - 1.2 本课题的主要任务 - 2 - 第2章 电动自行车的研究 - 3 - 2.1 直流无刷电机原理简介 - 3 - 2.1.1 直流无刷电机的发展 - 3 - 2.1.2