某石化企业热电联产电站的设计.pdf

某石化企业自备热电站的设计 摘 要 热电联产技术是对能源的一种“梯级利用”的方式，这种能量利用方式不仅提 高了能源的利用效率，而且减少了对环境污染。因此，热电联产技术不仅广泛应用 于城市集中供热中，而且也被广泛应用于石化企业的自备热电站中。 本文是针对一石化企业供热需求而设计的一个中型热电联产型自备电站，采用 “以热定电”的设计理念设计出了两套方案:一套为双抽式方案，另一套为抽背式 方案，并对这两套方案进行了原则性热力系统的分析比较，最终根据节煤量的多少 确定出了最优方案——抽背式热电联产方案。随后又对最优方案做了以下几个方面 的设计：汽轮机的选型、锅炉的选型、全面性热力系统的拟定、主厂房布置、技术 经济性评析、管道设计计算以及系统附件的配套选择。本论文最终设计的供热方案 有以下特点：采用抽背机组，选用 3 台 130t/h 煤粉炉和 2 台 12000kW 抽背式汽轮 机，蒸汽和给水母管均采用切换母管制，主厂房布置采用内煤仓布置型式。这种抽 背式方案不仅能够很好的满足该石化企业的供热需求，而且具有很强的灵活性，是 一个理想的方案。 关键词：热电联产，抽背式机组，切换母管制 I 某石化企业自备热电站的设计 Abstract Cogeneration technology is an energy of a "cascade using" method. This energy use patterns not only improve the efficiency of energy using and reduce the environmental pollution. So, cogeneration technology is not only widely used in urban central heating, but also been widely used in petrochemical enterprises-owned thermal power stations . This paper designed a medium CHP power plants for a petrochemical enterprises to meet the needs of heating requirments. Using the concept of "power relies on heat", two options were designed: one programme for the double-pumping, another set-back for selected programmes.And were also made series principled thermal system analysis for the tow programmes, then according to the final volume of coal savings to determine the optimal number of programmes—pumped back—CHP programme was adopted.Then the following aspects of the design were done: selection of the turbine, boiler selection, the elaboration of a comprehensive thermal system , main plant layout, technical and economic analysis, design of the pipeline system and so on. The system has the following characteristics: a back pumping unit, which including thre