毕业设计（论文）单片机电子称论文.doc

摘要 现代社会的发展对称重技术提出了更高的要求。目前，台式电了秤在商业贸易中的使用已相当普遍，但存在较大的局限性：体积大、成本高、需要工频交流电源供应、携带不便、应用场所受到制约。但是在工业测量中还没有让人们期待的电子秤出现。多年来，人们一直期待测量准确、价格低廉的在工业发展中起到巨大作用的电子秤投放市场。 本课程设计的电子秤以 AT89S52 单片机为控制核心，利用全桥测量原理，通过对电路输出电压和标准重量的线性关系，建立具体的数学模型，将电压量纲（V）改为重量纲（g）即成为一台原始电子秤。其中测量电路中最主要的元器件就是电阻应变式传感器。电阻应变式传感器是称重传感器中应用最多的一种，本设计采用全桥测量电路，使系统产生的误差更小，输出的数据更精确。而放大器电路采用AD620，其作用就是把传感器输出的微弱的模拟信号进行一定倍数的放大，以满足A/D转换器对输入信号电平的要求。MAX187 A/D转换的作用是把模拟信号转变成数字信号，进行模数转换，然后把数字信号输送到显示电路中去，最后由显示电路显示出测量结果。 电子秤主要由电源、称重传感器、单片机、键盘/开关、12864液晶显示器等部分构成。主要技术指标为：称量范围0.01kg—5kg；分度值0.005kg；精度等级m级；电源5v。仪器的技术指标参考了目前国内市场上使用最多、国内外产量最大的电子衡器的技术指标，其合理性无疑加大了产品投放市场后的竞争能力。仪器主要功能有去皮、计价、累计、单价设定、过载报警、时间显示等。 关键词： 单片机 称重传感器 放大器 模数转换 The design of multi-functional electronic scale Abstract The development of the modern society has put forward higher request on weighing technology. The desk-top electronic scales have been great application in commercial trade, but they have many shortcomings such as large volume, high cost, AC supply power and not cove nince to carry, so they are restricted to use. The usual portable scales are lever scales which are mostly used by residents, and spring balance which measure through compression or drawing of spring. They are being rejected for their big measuring errors. People have been expecting cheap portable electronic scales which can measure accurately and be carried conveniently for many years. The curriculum design of electronic scales in order to AT89S52 microcontroller to control the core, the use of full-bridge measuring principle, through the circuit output voltage and the standard weight of a linear relationship, the establishment of a specific mathematical model, the dimensionless voltage (V) changed the weight of Class ( g) become a single original electronic scales. Measuring circuit in which the most significant component is the resistance strain sensor. Resistance strain gauge sensor is a sensor in the most widely used, this design uses a full-bridge measurement circuit, so