高中英语 Unit5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero-Period 3课件 新人教版必修1.ppt

Period 3　Grammar & Writing 定语从句中关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的用法 一、关系副词when，where，why的使用 引导定语从句的词，除关系代词外，还有关系副词when，where，why。 (1)when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词一般为表示时间的名词。 October 1st,1949 was the day when the People's Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 注意：有时尽管先行词是表示时间的名词，但如果定语从句中缺少的是主语或宾语，此时应使用关系代词。试比较： I will never forget the days that/which I spent in the countryside. I will never forget the days when I worked in the countryside. (2)where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词一般为表示地点的名词。 Everyone wants to visit the place where Zhou Enlai once worked. 大家都想参观周恩来曾经工作过的地方。 Is there a shop around where we can get fruit? 附近有没有我们能买到水果的地方？ 注意：where和when一样，在定语从句中只能充当状语；否则，必须换用关系代词。试比较： This is the factory where my father worked last year. This is the factory that/which my father visited last year. (3)why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般为reason。 The reason why she told a lie is unknown. 她为什么撒谎还不清楚。 We don't know the reason why they didn't attend the meeting. 我们不知道他们为什么没有参加会议。 再比较： The reason that/which he gave us was hard to accept. The reason why he was late for school is that he missed the first bus. 二．“介词＋关系代词”的用法 1．用法 关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在主句和从句之间；为了使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。 This is the room in which we lived last year.＝This is the room which we lived in last year. Who's the comrade whom you just shook hands with？＝Who's the comrade with whom you just shook hands? 2．注意事项 定语从句中“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词是which(指物)，whom(指人)。掌握这个结构的关键在于对介词的正确选择，要注意以下几个问题： (1)介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配。 The person to whom I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.＝The person whom I spoke to just now is the manager that I told you about. 刚才跟我说话的那个人就是我和你谈起的那位经理。 (2)介词与定语从句中的形容词一起构成一种习惯性搭配。 The two things about which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.＝The two things which Marx was not sure about were the grammar and some of the idioms of English. 马克思在语法和英语的某些习惯用语这两方面还是没有把握。 (3)介词和定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配。 The pen with which he was writing broke.＝The pen which he was wri