毕业设计-A系列龙门刨床电控系统的设计.doc

毕业设计 A系列龙门刨床电控系统的设计 A系列龙门刨床电控系统的设计 摘　要 龙门刨床是常见的大型机械加工设备，老式的龙门刨床的主拖动采用交磁放大机-发电机-电动机（JF-D）调速系统，能量损耗高、噪声大。老式龙门刨床的电控部份采用继电器逻辑控制，线路复杂，故障率高，查找故障困难。 设计首先介绍了B2016A 型6m 龙门刨床的工艺对控制系统的要求，对电气控制系统进行了总体设计。龙门刨床的主拖动采用调速范围宽、节能效果显著的变频器，用PLC（可编程序控制器）实现开关量逻辑控制和变频电动机的转速控制。控制系统用触摸屏作人机界面，触摸屏用各种画面来显示龙门刨床的运行状态和故障信息。 设计介绍了控制系统的硬件，根据原有直流调速系统的实际调速范围和负荷，选择了变频异步电动机、变频器和测量转速的编码器的型号。给出了电力拖动系统的主回路电路图、PLC 和变频器的外部接线图。 设计介绍了PLC 控制程序的顺序控制设计法，用它设计了龙门刨床工作台的自动运行程序和横梁升降控制程序。这种方法易学易用，设计复杂的控制程序可以节约大量的设计时间。 设计介绍了变频器接口电路的设计方法和变频器参数的设置方法。 关键词：龙门刨床；控制；可编程控制器；变频器 Design on A series Planer of Electric Control System ABSTRACT Double housing planer is a common huge machine tool, the main drive of the old planer utilizes amplidyne-generator-electromotor drive, which is noisy and lose much energy. Relay logic control is used in old planer, and its circuitry is complicated, so the malfunction rate is high，and it is difficult to find the malfunction out. The dissertation firstly introduces requirements of the technology of the B2016A to control the system, and designs an outline of the electric control system. The main drive of planer utilizes converter, for it has a wide speed regulation range and well effects in energy saving. The planer utilizes PLC to achieve the logic control, and to control the speed of converter motor. Touch panel is used as human-machine interface, and it uses screens to display the running statuses and fault information of the machine. The dissertation introduces the hardware design of the control system. According to actual speed regulation range and loads of the former DC drive, the types of converter motor, converter and encoder to measure the speed are chosen. It presents the circuitry diagram of the main loop of electric drive system and the external wire-connection diagrams of PLC and converter. The dissertation introduces the sequential control designing method of PLC control program. It was used to design the work table’s automation program and crossbeam’s rising and falling control pr