电梯专业英语课件03---金属知识.pptVIP

What’s metal? (什么是金属?) How many kinds of metal ? 金属如何划分，有哪些种类？ What’s metal? (什么是金属?) Metals were formerly thought to be those elements that had a metallic luster and were good conductors of heat and electricity. Actually, metals are generally defined as those elements whose hydroxides form bases（such as sodium or potassium）. 金属过去被认为是具有金属光泽、良好的导电性和导热性的物质。 实际上，金属一般被定义为其氢氧化物为碱性的物质（如钠、钾） Classification of Metals (金属分类) pure metal alloy 纯金属 合金 Metals may exist as pure elements. When two or more metallic elements are combined, they form a mixture called an alloy. 金属可以是由单一元素构成的纯金属，也可以是由两种或两种以上金属元素组成的化合物，这种化合物就称为合金。 Classification of alloy (合金分类) ferrous metals nonferrous metals 铁基合金 非铁基合金 Alloys may be further classified as ferrous and nonferrous. Ferrous alloys contain iron. Nonferrous alloys do not contain iron. 合金又可细分为铁合金和非铁合金，其区别就在于是否包含铁元素。 iron-carbon alloy bronze brass phosphor bronze stainless steel 铁碳合金 青铜 黄铜 磷(青)铜 不锈钢 Properties of Metals (金属特性) ? Strength 强度 Do you know some properties of metals？ 你知道金属的一些特性吗？ Metals have properties that distinguish them from other materials. The most important of these properties is strength, or the ability to support weight without bending or breaking. 金属具有很多区别于其他材料的特性。其中最重要的就是强度，它是一种承受载荷不发生弯折或断裂的能力。 Properties of Metals (金属特性) The properties of metals may be classified in three categories: chemical properties, mechanical properties, and physical properties. 金属的特性可以分为三类:即化学特性、机械特性和物理特性。 Heat treatment (热处理) Heat treatment is a part of metallurgy. It changes the structures of metals by the application of heat. 热处理是冶金学的一部分，通过加热改变了金属的结构。 hardening tempering annealing normalizing 淬火 回火 退火 正火 Machine tool (机床) Broadly speaking, the purpose of all machine tools is to produce metal parts by changing the shape, size, or finish of a piece of material. 一般来讲，机床的使用目的就在于通过改变毛坯的形状、大小或材料表面光洁度等，使之成为机器零件。 Do you know some machine tool? 你知道的机床有哪些？ lathes drilling machin