辽宁水稻穗型指数品种间差异和其与产量和品质的关系.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2005, 38(9):1926-1930 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 辽宁水稻穗型指数品种间差异及其与产量和品质的关系 徐正进，陈温福，张树林，张文忠，马殿荣，刘丽霞，周淑清 （沈阳农业大学水稻研究所／农业部作物生理生态与遗传育种重点开放实验室，沈阳 110161 ） 摘要：以辽宁省近年来育成的水稻品种为试材进行研究，结果表明，穗部性状和品质性状均存在显著的品种 间差异，增加穗数和千粒重、减少每穗粒数有利于提高加工品质，提高结实率特别是二次枝梗结实率有利于提高 外观品质，二次粒率高对加工品质、外观品质和营养食用品质均有负面影响。提出用穗型指数（PTI，二次枝梗粒 数最多的一次枝梗所在穗轴节位与一次枝梗数之比）表示二次枝梗籽粒在穗轴上分布特点，试材PTI分布在0.29～ 0.61之间，据此将试材划分为二次枝梗籽粒上部优势型、中部优势型和下部优势型3种穗型，二次枝梗籽粒偏向 穗轴中上部分布即PTI较大不但有利于提高结实性和产量，还有利于改善品质。 关键词：水稻；穗部性状；品质性状；穗型指数 Differences of Panicle Trait Index Among Varieties and Its Relationship with Yield and Quality of Rice in Liaoning XU Zheng-jin, CHEN Wen-fu, ZHANG Shu-lin, ZHANG Wen-zhong, MA Dian-rong, LIU Li-xia, ZHOU Shu-qing (Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture / Rice Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161) Abstract: Using rice varieties bred recently in Liaoning as materials in this study. The results showed that the characters of panicle and characters of quality were significantly different among different varieties. It was advantageous to increase processing quality by increasing numbers of panicle and 1000-grian weight, and it was advantageous to improve the appearance qualities by increasing seed setting rate or that of secondary branch especially. The effects of high seed setting rate of secondary branch on processing qualities and appearance qualities or eating qualities were negative. It was put forward that using panicle trait index (PTI, the ratio between the number of axis internode whose number of grains of secondary branch was almost the primary branches and number of primary branch) to show the distribution characteristic of the number of grains of secondary branches on the axis. The PTI of thes