转DGAT1基因对小鼠卵巢发育及组织结构的影响.docVIP

转DGAT1基因对小鼠卵巢发育及组织结构的影响 田长珊(指导教师:王轶敏) (天津农学院动物科学系,天津300384) 摘要：目的：研究转DGAT1基因对小鼠卵巢发育及组织结构的影响，为DGAT1基因在畜牧生产中的实际应用提供技术参考。方法：观察转入DGAT1基因小鼠生长发育情况解剖后外观形态及重量，DGAT1基因处理组小鼠卵巢石蜡切片，显微镜下观察组织结构并进行对比分析研究。结果：小鼠转DGAT1基因后，平均产仔数和仔鼠平均初生重与未转基因对照组相比没有显著差异说明转入DGAT1基因后对小鼠的生殖能力没有明显影响 Abstract: Objective: To study the effects of DGAT1 transgenic on the growth and histology structure of mouse ovary, and found structural changes of the ovary, which is the useful parameters for DGAT1 transgenic animal production. Methods: The development of mouse was observed, reproduction ability and the growth of ovary was investigated, the paraffin sections of mouse ovary was used to observe the changes, ovary of the transgenic group and control group were removed and weighed, fixed in formalin, and sliced, ovary structure was observed under a microscope. Results: After DGAT1 gene transgenic, the average litter size and young rats born weight was similar with the control group, the ovary weight of two groups without significant differences, revealed that DGAT1 transgenic has no obvious influence on the growth situation of ovary; the basic structure of ovary does not have obvious differences, indicated that DGAT1 transgenic has no obvious influence on the histological structure of mice ovary. Key words: mouse; DGAT1 transgenic; ovary; growth; histological structure DGAT是一种甘油酰基转移酶(Diacylgycerol Acyltransferase,DGAT)，该酶与脂肪代谢、脂类在组织中的沉积有很大关系，它的主要作用机制是使二酰甘油（DAG）加上脂肪酸酰基形成三酰甘油(TAG)。编码该酶的基因有DGAT1和DGAT2。 人类DGAT1基因位于HSA8q24.3,长约10588bp，包括17个外显子和16个内含子。小鼠DGAT1基因定位在15号染色体D3区，遗传位置是46.9cM，含有17个外显子和16个内含子(GenBank收录号NT-039621)。大鼠DGAT1基因位于7q34，含有17个外显子，16个内含子，cDNA全长1751bp( GenBank收录号NW-047780 )。猕猴的DGAT1基因定位于8号染色体上。牛的DGAT1基因则位于14号染色体19cM处，基因全长14117bp，含有17个外显子和16个内含子(GenBank收录号AJ-318490)，目前NCBI上已有序列的物种有人、小鼠、大鼠、猕猴、猪、牛和亚洲水牛。鸡、鸭和鹅的DGAT1基因还没有定位的报道。 DGAT酶与脂肪代谢、脂类在组织中的沉积有很大关系，它的主要作用机制是使DAG加上脂肪酸酰基形成TAG。DGAT酶催化产生的TAG是真核生物中性脂类的主要贮存形式，DGAT酶活性大小反应了生物体中贮存TAG的多少。TAG对于细胞膜形式、脂蛋白的运输有重要作用，而且在营养缺乏和应激时提供能量。TAG在体内过剩时导致糖尿病、肥胖、动脉粥样硬化、非酒精性脂肪肝等疾病