生产者服务进口对我国制造业效率的影响研究.pdf

中文摘要 20 世纪90 年代以来，生产者服务进口对一国经济增长和技术进步的促进作用越来越 明显。作为制造业的中间投入，它所包含的人力资本和技术资本可以降低交易成本、深化 专业化分工，从而大幅度提升进口国制造业的生产效率及其国际竞争力。 基于国内外关于生产者服务贸易的研究成果，本文研究了生产者服务进口与制造业效 率之间的关系。本文选择用全要素生产率来代表制造业效率，将其分解为技术进步、纯技 术效率和规模效率，并从这三个方面分别分析了生产者服务进口对制造业效率的作用路 径。另外，本文利用28 个制造业行业1997-2010 年间的面板数据，运用deap2.1 软件计算 出了各个行业的全要素生产率指数及其分解项，并且通过建立模型实证分析了生产者服务 进口对制造业行业的全要素生产率及其分解项的影响。 计量结果表明：生产者服务进口能够很好地促进制造业行业的全要素生产率以及分解 项中的技术进步；但是生产者服务进口对技术效率的作用却为负，同时对规模效率的影响 作用并不显著。这说明了目前我国生产者服务进口主要依靠技术进步来促进制造业效率的 提高。最后基于相关理论分析和得出的实证结果，着眼于提高我国制造业的效率，本文提 出了促进我国生产者服务进口发展的政策建议。 关键词：生产者服务进口；制造业效率；全要素生产率 I ABSTRACT Since the 1990s,the import of producer services has been playing a more and more obvious role in promoting one country ’s economic growth and technological progress. As the intermediate inputs of manufacturing industry, the human capital and technological capital they contain can not only reduce the transaction costs, but also deepen specialization. Therefore they can greatly enhance the productivity and international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry of the importing country. On the basis of research on the trade of producer services at home and abroad, t his paper study on the relationship between the import of producer services and the efficiency of manufacturing industry. In this paper, we adopt the total factor productivity to measure the efficiency of manufacturing industry and decompose it into three parts: technological progress, the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. And then we analyze how the import of producer services effects the efficiency of manufacturing industry from the three aspects respec