高油油菜品种中油杂11的分子辅助选育及广适应性研究分析论文.docVIP

高油油菜品种中油杂11的分子辅助选育及广适应性 李云昌，胡 琼，梅德圣，李英德，徐育松，谭祖猛 （中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心/农业部油料作物遗传改良重点实验室，武汉 430062） 摘要：【目的】利用现代生物技术提高油菜育种效率，培育高产油量广适应性新品种，提升中国油菜品种的技术水平和产业的核心竞争力。【方法】利用陕2A细胞质雄性不育为授粉控制系统,经杂交、测交和回交，并结合分子标记遗传距离评估预测杂种优势等方法选育甘蓝型油菜杂交种中油杂11，并对其产量、含油量和稳定性进行鉴定。【结果】中油杂11具有高含油量、高产、稳产、优质、适应性广等特点，其含油量在中国冬油菜主产区长江上、中和下游3个生态区稳定在43%以上，高的年份（2003～2004年度）可达46%以上。在湖北省区域试验中，平均产量为2 853 kg·ha-1，比对照中双6号增产11.34%。在全国的长江上、中、下游油菜品种区域试验中平均产量分别为2 405.7，2 697.3和2 770.2 kg·ha-1，比各区的对照品种分别增产11.52%，12.9%和 14.92%，均达极显著水平；以产油量计算，分别达到1 083.3，1 210.2和1 224.8 kg·ha-1，比对照分别增加29.42%，27.65%和20.98%。【结论】利用SSR结合SRAP分子标记估算油菜亲本间的遗传距离，可以较好地预测杂种优势，从而增加杂交种配制的目的性，有效提高杂交油菜育种的效率。 关键词：甘蓝型油菜；杂种优势预测；中油杂11；产油量；适应性 Molecular Assisted Breeding and Adaptability Analysis of Zhongyouza 11 with High Oil Content LI Yun-chang, HU Qiong, MEI De-sheng, LI Ying-de, XU Yu-song, TAN Zu-meng (Institute of Oil Crop Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Center for Oil Crops Improvement / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ministry for Oil Crops Improvement, Wuhan 430062) Abstract: 【Objective】The increase of breeding efficiency and development of new varieties with high oil yield and wide adaptability ensure the elevation of competitive power of rapeseed varieties and industry. 【Method】 Using a three-line system of Shaan 2A cytoplasmic male sterility, a rapeseed hybrid variety Zhongyouza 11 with high grain yield, high oil content, wide adaptability and good quality was developed by the combination of traditional methods and a molecular marker assisted breeding technique. 【Result】 The oil content of Zhongyouza 11 is steadily above 43% in the three ecological regions along Yangtze River valley reaches which is the largest winter oilseed production area in China. The highest oil content of Zhongyouza 11 reached 46.68% (in the upper reach of Yangtze River valley in 2003-2004), which is the highest among all lines involved in the national regional oilseed rape variety trials. In the yield trials in Hubei province, the a