基于互信息的双通道脑电信号同步分析论文的外文翻译.docVIP

What is synchronization? Following Pikovsky et al. we will understand synchronization as an adjustment of rhythms of oscillating objects due to their weak interaction [89]. Let us explain in more detail what exactly we understand under the terms used in this definition. Interaction can be realized for instance through a coupling. The coupling can be either unidirectional or bidirectional.In the latter case one could expect mutual synchronization, both systems adjust their rhythms to each other. In the former case one usually speaks about synchronization by an external force, where the forcing system is also called a driver and the driven system is called a response. The rhythm of the response is adjusted to the rhythms of the driver. One of the main properties which distinguish a synchronization phenomenon for instance from a resonance is the existence of own rhythms for each oscillating object, even when not driven at all. If the rhythm of a response is only induced by a driver (as it is the case with the resonance) then it is not possible to treat it as synchronization. Moreover, own rhythms should exist also for a noninteractive case, i.e., a system under consideration can in principle be separated into different subsystems all of which have their own rhythms. A prominent example is the hare-lynx cycle, a well-known ecological phenomenon in which one cannot speak about synchronization between the two populations because the hare-lynx ecological system cannot be separated into independent oscillating subsystems (either the lynxes will die without food or the hare population will explode). Nevertheless, in such a large system as a human brain, which is known to contain approximately 1011 neurons with a total of 1014 to 1015 synaptic connections, one can still investigate the synchronization phenomenon between different brain regions. Considering the strength of an interaction one can say that as soon as it gets strong (very large values of coupling) one cannot