系统需求分析及可行性分析12591.pptVIP

第三章 系统需求分析及可行性分析 System Requirements Analysis Feasibility study 3.1 计算机的系统工程 Hardware engineering 硬件工程 Software engineering 软件工程 Human engineering Database engineering 数据库工程 基于计算机系统的系统元素 Systems Engineering is an interdisciplinary process that ensures that the customers needs are satisfied throughout a systems entire life cycle. This process is comprised of the following seven tasks. State the problem. Stating the problem is the most important systems engineering task. It entails identifying customers, understanding customer needs, establishing the need for change, discovering requirements and defining system functions. Investigate alternatives. Alternatives are investigated and evaluated based on performance, cost and risk. Model the system. Running models clarifies requirements, reveals bottlenecks and fragmented activities, reduces cost and exposes duplication of efforts. Integrate. Integration means designing interfaces and bringing system elements together so they work as a whole. This requires extensive communication and coordination. Launch the system. Launching the system means running the system and producing outputs -- making the system do what it was intended to do. Assess performance绩效评定 . Performance is assessed using evaluation criteria, technical performance measures and measures -- measurement is the key. If you cannot measure it, you cannot control it. If you cannot control it, you cannot improve it. Re-evaluation. Re-evaluation should be a continual and iterative process with many parallel loops. 3.2 可行性分析 Feasibility Analysis 通过对项目的主要内容和配套条件，如市场需求、资源供应、建设规模、工艺路线、设备选型、环境影响、资金筹措、盈利能力等，从技术、经济、工程等方面进行调查研究和分析比较，并对项目建成以后可能取得的财务、经济效益及社会环境影响进行预测，从而提出该项目是否值得投资和如何进行建设的咨询意见，为项目决策提供依据的一种综合性的系统分析方法。可行性分析应具有预见性、公正性、可靠性、科学性的特点。 经济可行性 技术可行性 法律可行性 方案的选择 经济可行性 Economic feasibility Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the effectiveness of a new system. More commonly known as cost/benefit analysis, the procedure is to de