English Grammar.pptVIP

English Grammar ☆ conjunction ☆ introductory words ☆ complex sentences conjunction grammatical meaning morphological features classification Grammatical Meaning word that joins words, phrases, clauses or sentences. Morphological Features One of form words: Not be used as sentence element alone; Usu. be read without stress; Classification Based on: morphological structure syntactic function simple conj. correlative conj. participial conj phrasal conj. and, because, but, though, when, suppose, or, if, … neither…nor…, so…that…, no sooner …than…, … seeing, supposing, considering, provided, providing, … as if, in order that, as soon as, in case, for fear that, … coordinating conj. (coordinators) subordinating conj. (subordinators) Complex Sentences Application Practice main clause subordinate clause antecedent Introductory Words Classification Function 1 coordinating conj. 并列连词 2 subordinating conj. 从属连词 3 conjunctive pron. 连接代词 4 conjunctive adv. 连接副词 5 relative pron. 关系代词 6 relative adv. 关系副词 ☆并列连词： 连接并列句，表并列、转折、因果和选择。 and, but, so, or, … ☆从属连词： 连接状语从句、名词性从句 状语从句： when, where, because, if, in order that, so that, as if, though, than, what / as, … 名词性从句： that, whether, if; ☆连接代词： 连接名词性从句 what, who, whom, whose, which; ☆连接副词： 连接名词性从句 when, where, why, how; ☆关系代词： 连接定语从句 who, whom, whose, which, that, as; ☆关系副词： 连接定语从句 when, where, why; Two functions: ①引导和连接主从句 ②在从句中作某种成分 定从引导词多一个替代作用 ﹡ that that ﹡引导主从、表从、同位从： 无意义、不作成分、不能省略 ﹡引导宾从： 无意义、不作成分，可省； ﹡引导定从：作宾语时可省； 1 Subject Clause 2 Predicative Clause 3 Object Clause 4 Appositive Clause 5 Attributive Clause 6 Adverbial Clause ☆主语从句引导词 从属连词: that, whether 连接代词: what, which, who, whom 连接副词: when, where, why, how 1 That he is always ready to help others is known to all. 2 In some countries, ____ is called “equality” doesn’t real