节能型船用液压起货机设计【毕业论文】.doc

本科毕业论文 （20 届） 节能型船用液压起货机设计 专业：机械设计制造及其自动化 摘 要 随着能源的日益紧缺，节能无疑具有十分重要的现实意义。因此，在设计液压系统时，应该将节能技术应用到液压系统的每个环节。现在较广泛使用的节能措施有电动机能量回收（如变频调速技术）和蓄能器蓄能等方法。在货物上升的过程中泵输出做功，而在下行的过程中，系统是不做功的，货物完全是在自身的重力作用下实现下行的，仅仅是由阀对其进行速度的控制，在这个过程中势能和动能几乎完全转化为热能的损失，不仅加高了系统的油温，还使油更容易变质，对这部分能量进行回收，并在负载上行时加以释放利用(例如作为辅助的动力源)，不仅是解决液压起货机能量消耗严重问题的重要技术手段，而且可以减小主动力元件的功率要求和能耗。所以，对起货机下行时的节能研究是十分必要的对起货机下行时的节能研究是十分必要的。各章的具体安排为：第1章介绍国内国外的节能型液压起货机的研究现状。第2章是对船舶液压起货机的选用和选型。第3章是对船舶液压起货升降机构的设计和计算。第4章第是对节能型液压升降系统设计。第5章 开式液压起升系统液压元件的计算与选择。第6章 起货机使用及维护、保养。 关键词：液压开式回路；液压闭式回路 ；液压升降系统：节能 ；起货机 Abstract With the increasing shortage of energy，energy-saving is undoubtedly of great practical significance。So，energy-saving technology should be applied to the hydraulic system of each session. Now energy-saving measures electrical energy recycling (such as frequency conversion technology) and the accumulator storage and other methods are more widely used。Increase in cargo pump output acting process, and in the downstream process, the system is not doing work, and goods exclusively in its own gravity to achieve downlink, only the valve control its speed, in the process the potential energy and kinetic energy almost entirely into heat loss, not only heightening the system, oil temperature, but also to make the oil more easily degenerate, the energy for recycling these points, and the release of the load on the row to be used (such as auxiliary power source ), is not only a hydraulic crane to solve the serious problems of energy consumption of an important technical means, and can reduce the active force component of the power requirements and energy consumption. Therefore, Crane saving of down time is necessary.The specific arrangements for each chapter: The first chapter describes the type of energy saving at home and abroad Research Status hydraulic crane, the second chapter is the selection of hydraulic crane ship and selection, the third chapter is on the ship hydraulic crane lifting body design and calculation, the fort