胡塞尔如何以「附现」概念思维建立其主体际构成理论.pdfVIP

胡塞爾如何以 「附現 」的概念思維建立其主體際構成理論 ？ 汪文聖 (政治大學哲學系) 中文摘要： 主體際構成的問題可說是胡塞爾現象學中最核心與最根本的問題，而 「附現」的 概念思維是其中不可或缺的論題 。主體際的問題不只屬認識論的 ，更屬倫理學 的 ；「附現」的意義基本上也與同理心 ，甚或愛的討論關連在一起 。本文將對於 胡塞爾 《笛卡兒沉思》中 〈第五研究〉所提出的 「附現」概念做深入的探討 ，試 圖將身體、聯想、配對等相關的課題 ，以及與之勾連出的被動綜合問題 ，在與現 象學思想上密切相關的亞里斯多德哲學之背景下提出討論。文末一方面將確認胡 塞爾的主體際構成建立在機體性自然目的論的前提下，另一方面將檢討是否如此 的主體際構成理論，在倫理學上造就了愛成為居次的，而智慧成為居首之地位的 結果 ；從而可開啟日後進一步與其他較重視愛之哲學家作比較的出發點。 關鍵詞 ：現象學 、主體際 、聯想 、附現、配對 、胡塞爾 、亞里斯多德 Abstract: The issue of the intersubjective constitution is the very kernel and basis in Husserl’s phenomenology. And the concept of “Appräsentation”is there an unavoidable topic. The question of the intersubjectivity belongs not only to the discipline of epistemology, but also to that of ethics. The meaning of “Appräsentation”is also related to the discussion about “empathy”, and even “love”. This article is going to research profoundly the concept of “Appräsentation”which is proposed by Husserl in the V. Meditation of his “Cartesian Mediations”, and to try to put the relevant topics of body, association, pairing etc., and the issue of passive synthesis in discussion under the background of Aristotle ’s philosophy, which is closed to phenomenology. At the end of this article, we will on the one hand confirm Husserl ’s intersubjective constitution is based on the presupposition of the organic natural teleology, on the other hand make reflection whether this theory of intersubjectivity results in the priority of “wisdom”and the derivative position of “love”in regard to the issue of ethics. We hope this discussion could be a starting point of the further study in comparison with the other philosophers who underline the theme of “love”. Keywords: Phenomenology, Intersubjectivity, Association. Appräsentation, Pairing, Husserl, Aristotle