应用有限元技术计算螺栓联接的方法研究.docVIP

应用有限元技术计算螺栓联接的方法研究 汤成浪 (东北石油大学过程装备与控制工程 163318) 摘 要：采用有限元技术,应用ANSYS 程序软件分析螺栓联接问题,建立计算模型,施加边界条件并进行求解,得到螺栓联接结构的应力分布情况。该种计算方法能够充分考虑螺栓联接结构的应力集中，垫片材料的非线性性质和各元件间的接触关系（一种非线性关系）的影响。通过对螺栓法兰连接件的有限元分析，结果显示：预紧和内压工况时，螺栓法兰连接件整体和各元件应力分布趋势基本一致，随着内压的增大，各部位的应力强度增大，法兰和螺栓的变形也随之增大。螺栓受到轴向的拉应力，螺母与法兰环接触受到压紧应力，产生应力集中，法兰环有从内向外张开的趋势。由于几何形状不连续，预紧时法兰环与法兰颈连接处出现应力集中，内压时法兰颈与封头的连接处出现应力集中，但影响区域较小。 关键词：螺栓联接;接触;载荷步;有限元技术 The Analysis of Bolt flange 3-d finite Element Tang Cheng Lang ( College of ProcessingEquipment andControl Engineering , Northeast Petroleum University,163318) Abstract: a computational model was established using the finite element technigue and the ANSYS program software ,and the stress distribution in a bolt - joint structure was obtained by applying the boundary conditions for solution of the bolt - joint structure problem. This way of computation can take into full consideration the influences of stress concentration and contact properties of a bolt - joint structure. Through analyzing influence of the geometric parameters changes of bolt, gasket and flange in the intensity and tightness of the bolt flanged fittings, indicated finally: Along with the flange root radius of curvature, the bolt hole center round position diameter, bolt pre-tight up force gradual enlargement, the bolt flange bridge pieces intensity reduces, tightness increases; Along with the flange link thickness and flange neck slopes gradual enlargement, the bolt flange bridge pieces intensity and tightness increase; Along with the diameter of bolt, filling piece thickness, the filling piece width and filling piece outer diameters enlargement, the bolt flange bridge pieces intensity increases, tightness reduces. Key Words :bolt joint ;contact ; load step ;finite element method 1、系统几何模型的建立 本文选择了高颈法兰（JB/T4703-2000）作为分析的基准法兰，这样便于比较和参考，结合结构见图1.1。法兰接头密封形式为凹凸面，承受内压为=4.0MPa。 螺栓法兰连接件的主要尺寸为： =660mm，=500mm，=615mm，=576mm，=566mm。 法兰环厚度=46mm 法兰根部圆角半径=12mm 法兰环大端宽度=26mm 法兰环小端宽度=16mm 法兰环锥颈高度=35mm 螺栓孔直径=27mm 螺栓法兰连接件中螺栓选为M24，数量为24个