毕业论文题目：基于单片机的智能调节器设计.doc

题 目：基于单片机的智能调节器设计 基于单片机的智能调节器设计 摘 要 关键词：；； The Design of Intelligent Regulator Based on MCU Abstract Intelligent instrument is a kind of intelligent measuring and controlling system that combines computer technology and measuring and controlling technology with MCU being its main body. Intelligent instrument has many strong-points which traditional instrument hasn’t, such as automatic operation, data processing and friendly man-machine conversation function. So, it can be applied widely in all kinds of fields. With the rapid development of microelectronics and information technology, intelligent instrument will develop in micromation, multifunctional and network direction. This design take the high-performance MCU 80C196KB as the core, and auxiliary by necessary periphery component, to complete the regulators functions. At the same time, this regulator also has the preliminary intellectualization. On the hardware circuit design, this paper describes various circuit modules in detail, and also gives the peripheral circuit design of the keyboard, the display, the communication and the print; In the part of software design, this paper shows the compiling and flow of software of MCU. Finally, in view of the problems and insufficiencies in this design, some recommendations and advices are presented. Key words: Intelligent Instrument; Regulate; MCU; PID Control 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 引 言 1 1.1 调节器概述 1 1.2 模拟调节器 2 1.3 数字调节器 3 1.4 智能调节器 3 1.4.1 智能调节器的结构 3 1.4.2 智能调节器的特点和基本功能 5 1.4.3 智能调节器的优越性 6 第二章 智能调节器方案选择 7 2.1 微处理器的选择 7 2.2 控制算法的选择 8 2.2.1 PID控制的基本原理 8 2.2.2 PID控制算法及特点 9 第三章 智能调节器硬件电路设计 17 3.1 智能调节器硬件电路总体方案设计 17 3.2 最小单片机系统设计 18 3.2.1 80C196KB单片机 18 3.2.2 地址锁存器74LS373的应用 21 3.2.3 程序存储器27128的应用 22 3.2.4 静态数据存储器6264的应用 24 3.2.5 译码器74LS138的应用 25 3.3 前向通道设计 26 3.3.1 数据选通器4052A的应用 26 3.3.2 运算放大电路 27 3.3.3 A/D转换 28 3.4 人机交互接口设计 29 3.4.1 键盘电路设计 29 3.4.2 显示系统设计 32 3.5 后向通道设计 36 3.5.1 D/A转换 36 3.5.2 V/I转换 37 3.6 通信接口设计 38 3.6.1 通信接口标准的选择 38 3.6.2 MAX485芯片简介 39 3.6.3