Amino Acids and Proteins.PPT

Treatment of a peptide with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene followed by hydrolysis gives N-dinitrophenylvaline. Leucine is the free acid. The peptide contains one of each of the following amino acid residues Leu, Ser, Phe, Pro, Tyr, Lys, Gly and Val. Partial hydrolysis gives four peptides which contain the indicated amino acids: peptide A:- Leu, Ser, Phe peptide B:- Ser, Pro, Tyr, Lys peptide C:- Tyr, Lys, Gly peptide D:- Lys, Val, Gly A peptide! A peptide has the following amino acid composition: ? 2 Arg, 2 Ile, Glu, 2 Gly, Leu, Lys, Phe, Pro, Ser, Trp ?? Reaction with Edman’s reagent releases PTH-Leu. ? Trypsin, a digestive enzyme of intestinal liquids, cleaves polypeptides only at the carboxy (acid) end of arginine (Arg) and Lysine (Lys). Chymotrypsin which is also found in mammalian intestines, cleaves the carboxy end of phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr). ? Hydrolysis by trypsin produces Gly-Arg, Ile-Trp-Phe-Pro-Gly-Arg, Leu-Lys, and Ser-Glu-Ile. ? Hydrolysis by chymotrypsin produces one peptide with a partial sequence of Leu-Lys-Gly … and another with partial sequence Phe-Pro-Gly-Arg-Ser ... E.V. Blackburn, 2012 Amino Acids and Proteins The hydrolysis of most proteins produces about twenty different amino acids. an ?-amino acid Structure of amino acids The acids have an amino group bonded to the ? carbon:- Amino acid classification neutral - one amino and one carboxyl group acidic - one amino and two carboxyl groups basic - two amino and one carboxyl group The 20 amino acids are further classified: Neutral amino acids Name Symbol Structure Alanine Ala or A CH3CH(NH2)CO2H Asparagine Asn or N H2NCOCH2CH(NH2)CO2H Cysteine Cys or C HSCH2CH(NH2)CO2H Glutamine Gln or Q H2NCOCH2CH2CH(NH2)CO2H Glycine Gly or G CH2(NH2)CO2H Isoleucine Ile or I CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(NH2)CO2H Leucine Leu or L (CH3)2CHCH2CH(NH2)CO