Unit 1《Other countries, other cultures》-grammar and usage学案1（牛津译林版选修9）.docVIP

M9 Unit1 Grammar and usage 学案 （一）状语从句 状语从句一般分为九大类：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句、让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句： 引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, while, as, the moment, before, after, till, until, since, as soon as 等。请注意 when, while, as 的区别 when既可以引导一个持续性动作，也可以引导一个短暂性动作 When I have time, I will go to see you. *注意：在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。 when --- 正在……的时候，突然……。when 可以译成没想到，这时或突然。 I was walking along the street when I met him. I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in. 这样的句式常有：be about to do sth. when… be doing sth. when… be going to do sth. when… had just done sth. when… be on the point of doing sth. when… 特殊句式：Hardly/ Scarcely had…… when…… while ---在……期间，往往指一段时间。 While we were in America, we saw him twice. while ---表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。 We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing football. as --- 一边……一边，随着 She was doing her homework as she was listening to music. the moment/instant/minute/second --- 一……就…… =as soon as , immediately, ---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? ---Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her. not… until … 直到……才 He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work. =He left the office when he finished the work. 注意构成的倒装句和强调句： Not until he finished the work did he leave the office. （倒装句） It was not until he finished the work that he left the office. （强调句） before --- 在……之前 The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs. （It +be /will be …before… 是常用句型 （要过多久才……） It was not long before I forgot it all. 2. 条件状语从句 引导状语从句的连接词有: if, unless, as/so long as, in case（假使,如果）, provided that（如果,有时省略 that）, on condition that（条件是……） unless --- 如果不, 除非=if not We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight. = We cannot get there on time if we don’t book the earliest flight. as/so long as --- 只要 We will succeed as long as we keep on trying. in case --- 假使, 如果 The plane cannot take off in case it rains. provided that 如果,有时省略 that The plane will be in good cond