1地理GEOGRAPHY.doc

1地理GEOGRAPHY geography?地理? geographer地理学家?hemisphere?半球? meridian?子午线，经线? parallel?平行圈，纬线? latitude?经度? longitude?度? elevation?海拔? altitude?高度? horizon?地平线? equator?赤道? Arctic?北极? Antarctic(Antarctica)?南极? expedition?探险? topography?地形，地形学? continent?大陆?continental?shelf?大陆架?continental?drift?大陆漂移说?plain?平原? plateau?(highland)?高地? lowland?低地? basin?盆地? cavern?(cave)?洞穴? summit 山顶 range?（山脉? valley?峡谷? canyon?峡谷? channel?(strait)?海峡?sea-floor?spreading海床扩展?ocean?bottom?海床? coastland?沿海地区? continental?island?大陆岛? volcanic?island?火山岛? coral?island?珊瑚岛? islet?小岛? peninsular?半岛? remote-sensing?遥感的? terrain?地域?terrestrial?地球的，陆地的? terrestrial?heat?(geothermal)?地热? terrestrial?magnetism?(geomagnetism)?地磁?subterranean?(?underground)?地底下? evaporation?蒸发? salinity?含盐度? sediment?沉淀物，沉积物? tropics?热带地区?tropical?热带的? temperate?温带的?temperate?latitudes?温带地区?frigid?寒带的? frost?heaving?冻胀现象? 地质geology?地质学? geologist?地质学家? crust?地壳? mantle?地幔? core?地核? continental?crust?大陆地壳? oceanic?crust?海洋地壳? layer?(stratum,复strata)?地层? plate?板块? fault?断层? fault?plane?断层面? fault?zone?断层带? rift?(crack;?split)?断裂? fossil?化石? igneous?rock?火成岩? sedimentary?rock?沉积岩? metamorphic?rock?变质岩? quartz?石英? limestone?石灰岩? marble?大理石? granite?花岗岩? lithogenous? 岩成的? lithosphere?岩石圈? mineral?矿物? ore?矿石? deposit?矿床? platinum?白金，铂? silver?银? copper?黄铜? aluminum?铝? tin?锡? lead?铅? zinc?锌? nickel?镍? mercury?汞，水银? sodium?钠? fieldstone?卵石? gem?宝石? diamond?钻石? emerald?绿宝石? ruby?红宝石? crystal?水晶glacier?冰川? glacial?冰川的? glacial?epoch?(?age,?period)?冰川期? glacial?drift?冰渍? iceberg?冰山? volcano?火山? active?volcano?活火山? extinct?volcano?死火山? dormant?volcano?休眠火山? eruption?火山喷发? crater?火山口? lava?火山岩浆magma?岩浆? volcanic?火山的? volcanic?dust?火山尘? volcanic?ash?火山灰? earthquake?(?quake;?tremor;? seism)?地震? seismic?地震的? seismology?地震学? magnitude?震级? seismic?wave?地震波? cataclysm?灾变? 3天文ASTRONOMY?天文 astronomy?天文学? astronomical?天文的?astronom