Writing a Good Program 5. Objects and Classes in C++.ppt

Acknowledgment The slides are based on the set developed by Dr. Frank Leung (EIE). * * Writing a Good Program 5. Objects and Classes in C++ 5.1 Basic Object Oriented Programming Computer Programming and Basic Software Engineering 5. Objects and Classes in C++ What is an Object? The real world is composed of different kinds of objects: buildings, men, women, dogs, cars, etc. Each object has its own states and behaviors. Color = Red Brand = Ferrari Speed = 200 mph Gear = 4 States Braking Accelerating Changing Gear Steering Behaviors Computer Programming and Basic Software Engineering 5. Objects and Classes in C++ Variables and functions What is a Software Object? Software designers use the same idea to ease programmers to develop their software Software is also composed of different kind of software objects Each software object also has its own states and behaviors. Variables (States) Color = Grey Size = 2cm x 2cm Shape = Rectangular Method (Behavior) (protruded) Press( ) Computer Programming and Basic Software Engineering 5. Objects and Classes in C++ Button Encapsulation Hiding information within an object’s nucleus Provide a public interface for interacting with it Advantages to software developers Modularity: An object can be easily passed around in the system (Otherwise, you need to think about how many files you need to bundle together to pass to your friends) Information hiding: Users need not go into details of the object before using the object (E.g., you don’t need to know the circuit of a TV set if you want to watch TV) Safety: Users of the object may not directly access the internal state of the object. This reduces the possibility of erroneous situations. Computer Programming and Basic Software Engineering 5. Objects and Classes in C++ Library Reusability Objects of class button What is a Class? A Class is a blueprint or prototype that defines the variables and methods common to all objects of a certain kind Every object of