微积分英文版6.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Applications of the Integral 5.1 Area of a Plane Region 微元法 步骤： 步骤： A region Between Curves 法2 6.2 Volumes of Solids: Slabs, Disks, Washers 已知平行截面面积函数的立体体积 特别 , 当考虑连续曲线段 方法2 利用椭圆参数方程 6.3 Volumes of Solids of Revolutions: Shells When an area between two curves is revolved about an axis a solid is created. This solid could be considered as the sum of many, many concentric cylinders. Volume is the integral of the area, in this case it is the surface area of the cylinder, thus: r = x and h = f(x) 6.4 Length of a Plane Curve A plane curve is smooth if it is determined by a pair of parametric equations x = f(t) and y = g(t), a =t=b, where f’ and g’ exist and are continuous on [a,b], and f’(t) and g’(t) are not simultaneously zero on (a,b). If the curve is smooth, we can find its length. Length of a Plane Curve平面曲线的弧长 (1) 曲线弧由直角坐标方程给出: (2) 曲线弧由参数方程给出: Ex. 计算摆线 Differential of arc Length Area of a surface of revolution 5.5 Work Fluid Force Work = Force x Distance In many cases, the force is not constant throughout the entire distance. To determine total work done, add all the amounts of work done throughout the interval – INTEGRATE! If the force is defined as F(x), then work is: EX. Fluid Force If a tank is filled to a depth h with a fluid of density (sigma), then the force exerted by the fluid on a horizontal rectangle of area A on the bottom is equal to the weight of the column of fluid that stands directly over that rectangle. Let sigma = density, h(x)=depth, w(x)=width, then force is: 6.6 Moments and Center of Mass The product of the mass m of a particle and its directed distance from a point (its lever arm) is called the moment of the particle with respect to that point. It measures the tendency of the mass to produce a rotation about the point. 2 masses along a line balance at a point if the sum of their moments with respect to that point is zero. The center of mass is the balance point. Finding the center of mass: let M = moment, m = mass,