农田土壤化肥污染及对策_肖军副本.pdfVIP

1 1 1 2005 10 Status and Countermeasures of Farmland Soil Polluted by Chemical Fertilizer 1 2 1,3 肖 军 秦志伟 赵景波 ( 1. 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院 西安 710062) ;(2. 潍坊市实验学校 潍坊 261200) ; (3 . 中国科学院地 环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室 陕西 710075) ; 分析了化肥对土壤环境产生的不良影响; 增加土壤重金属与有毒元素; 导致土壤硝酸盐积累; 破坏土壤结构, 促 进土壤酸化; 降低土壤微生物活动提出了防治措施; 强化环境保护意识, 加强土壤肥料的监测和管理; 增施有机肥; 推广 配方施肥技术; 施用硝化抑制剂; 改进施肥方法 Abstract T he paper ana lyzed the so l po llut on n t he f ar mland aff ected by chem cal f ert l zer, w h ch ncluded ncreas ng the quant ty of heavy metal and po so no us elements, caus ng the accumulat on o f the n tr at es n the so l , destro y ng the so l st ruct ur e, pro mot ng the so l ac d , r educ ng the so l m croo rg an sm s and the mov ement of t hem . Based on the cur rent analy s s, the paper put fo rw ard the co unter measures, w h ch ncluded strengthen ng the consc ou sness of env r onmental pro tect on and the mo n tor ng and management of the so l f er t l zer , u s ng o rg an c f er t l zer, po pular z ng the techno lo gy of apply ng f er t l z er , u s ng the n tr fy nh b to r, mpro v ng the w ay o f us ng chem cal f ert l zer. Key words Chemical Fertilizer Pollution Countermeasure , , 30% ~ 50% , 30% [ 1] , , 1949 4 13 10 t, 60 229~ 378 6 10 t, 70 , 1979 109 7 10 t, 80~ 90 , [ 2] 1980~ 2001 1 , : ; ; 1 1980~ 200 1 , ; , , 1 , 1. 1 , , , , : 2004 - 07 - 21 : ( 4007 1006) ( 2002D02) : ( 1980 - ) , , , 32