英语语法汇总-精品.docVIP

倒装 1、全部倒装。 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1）here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. （2） 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 　注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes.　　　　 Away they went. 2、 部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than Eg.Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 　当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题：　　 （1）Why can‘t I smoke here? At no time___ in the meeting-room. A. is smoking permitted　　 B. smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permitted　 D. does smoking permit答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。 注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。Not only you but also I am fond of music 2) so, neither, nor作部分倒装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I. 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为 “的确如此”。---Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ---It’s raining hard.　　　 --So it is. 3) only+状语在句首要倒装的情况。 Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装 。例如：Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 4) as, though 引导的倒装句。 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。 注意：（1）句首名词不能带任何冠词。 （2）句首是实义动词,