法律英语 全套课件（何家弘版）.ppt

法律英语 Lesson?one??? ?Legal?system Background Two periods of legal history: Characteristics Common law legal system 普通法系 Text——Part?One The?United?States?is?at once a?very?new?nation a?very?old?nation it?is?constantly?being?renewed?by?the?addition?of??new?elements?of?population?and?of?new?States 不断有新的人口成分和新州的加入 ?It?is the?oldest?of?the?"new"?nations?— the?first?one?to?be?made?out?of an?Old?World?colony.? 第一个从旧大陆殖民地脱胎而出的国家 the?oldest?written?constitutionthe?oldest?continuous?federal?system the?oldest?practice?of?self-government The ?whole?of?its?history?belongs?in?the?period?since?the?invention?of?the?printing? press. 美国历史是印刷发明以后的历史。 for?events?such?as? those?that?are?lost?in?the?legendary?past?of?Italy?or?France?or?England? are?part?of?theprinted?record?of?the?United?States? 那些在意大利、法国或英国过去的传说中湮没的那些事件，是美国有文字记载历史的一部分。 And?the?American?record? Record?of?the?colonial?era? 殖民时代的记载 Record of?the?Nation?since?1776 国家从1776年开始的记载 Record of?the?present?fifty?States? 当前50个州的记载 The?intricate?network?of relationshipsbetween?States?and Nation各州与联邦之间错综复杂关系的记载 The?reports?of?the? United?States?Supreme?Court?fill?350?volumes The?reports?of??some?States??are??almost??equally??voluminous. The?reader?who?wants??to?trace?the?history?of?law?in?America?is?confronted?with?over?5,000? stout?volumes?of?legal?cases. 想要探索美国法律历史的人面对的是5000多巨册的法律案例。 No?one?document,?no?handful?of?documents,?can?properly?be?said?to?reveal?the?character?of?apeople?or?of?their?government.? 没有哪一个或者少数几个文件可以准确地揭示一国人民或政府的特征。 When?hundreds?and?thousands? of?documents?strike?a?consistent?note，over?more?than?a?hundred?years,?we?have?a?right?to?say ?that?is?thekeynote. 当一百多年来成百上千的文件敲击出始终如一的音调时，我们可以说这就是基调。 The?American?legal?system,?like?the?English,?is?methodologically?mainly?a?case law?system.? 判例法 ?Most??fields?of?private?law?still? consist??primarily?of?case?law?and??the?extensive?and?steadily? growing?statutory?continues??to??be?subject?to?binding? interpretation?through?ca