国内外工业用水状况比较分析.pdfVIP

40 2009 1 鲁 欣, 秦大庸, 胡晓寒 ( 中国水利水电科学研究院 水资源研究所, 北京 100044) : 20世纪中期世界总用水量迅速增长, 到 20 世纪后期世界先进国家意识到水资源 缺的现 实, 通过各种方式达到工业用水零增长在此期间中国工业用水也经历了快速增长低速稳定增长阶 段由于对经济发展和用水需求的客观规律认识不清楚, 在先前许多水资源规划中, 一些地区工业需 水预测值出现与实际用水不符的现象为了更科学地进行我国的工业需水预测研究, 本文对世界几 个 发达国家以及我国的工业用水变化情况进行研究, 总结用水变化的原因, 提出我国在工业需水预测方 面存在的问题, 为水资源规划和供水工程建设提供依据 : 工业用水; 工业需水; 趋势; 零增长 : TV21319 : B : 1000-0860( 2009) 01-0102-04 A comparative analysis on p resent statu s of industr ia l w ater use at hom e and abroad LU X in, Q IN D a-yong, HU X iao- an ( Departm ent ofW ater Resources, C ina Institu te ofW ater Resources and Hydropow erResearc , Beijing 100044, C ina) A bstrac t: S ince 1950. s, t e totalw ater uses in t ew orld ave rap id ly increased, and t en t e developed countries ave realized t e serious situation of t e water resource s ortage in t e late 20t century and m ade t eir efforts to control t e increase of t e wa- ter usew it t e target of / zero increase0 t roug all k inds ofm et ods concerned1 A t t e sam e tmi e, t e stage of t e increase of industrialw ater usedw as also experienced from fast increase to steady increase w it low er speed in C ina1 Because of lack ing a clear understand ing of t e objective law of t e relations ip betw een econom ic development andw ater dem and, t e unconform ity betw een t e prediction of industrialw ater dem and and t e actual w ater usew as often presented in t e water resource planning of som e regions in C ina1 For t em ore scientific study on forecasting industrialw ater dem and, t e present and variab le status of t e w ater use at om e and abroad are stud ied erein, in w ic t e variations of t ew ater uses are summ ar