dc-dc电路原理.pptVIP

* * 5V/3. 3V Regulator Zener voltage Regulator Power Amplifier 負壓定位電路 + Tr. Voltage regulator PWM IC BOOST CIRCUIT 兩極Charge pump + Tr. Voltage regulator VR1 -3V Feedback Voltage 3..3V -6V 9V 18V 3.75V 5V Vref DC-DC Converter 不同的電源需求，可延伸出許多不同型態的直流對直流轉換器，但其皆源自於以下兩種基本的電路拓撲:(1).降壓式轉換器(Buck/Step Down Converter) (2).昇壓式轉換器(Boost/Step Up Converter) 這兩種轉換器，衍生出其他不同的轉換器形式，如順向式、反馳式、昇降壓式、橋式…….等，。 BUCK CONVERTER STEP-DOWN CONVERTER降壓 BOOST CONVERTER STEP-UP CONVERTER昇壓 Transistor ON Vin=Vx OFF then Vx=Vo Voltage-second balance principle: If : periodic waveform T: periodic A2 A1=A2 A1 V t Ampere-second balance principle: If : periodic waveform T: periodic A1=A2 A1 A2 i t (A)Continuous Current Mode (CCM) Switch ON: 0tDT Switch OFF: DTtT Disadvantage : The input current is pulsating. Advantage : The output current is smooth. Voltage-second balance principle: A B A=B 降壓 Duty ratio 平均 輸入/輸出電流 Iin =D Io Continuous Current Mode (CCM) Discontinuous Current Mode (DCM ) 連續mode電流變動小?電壓變動小? 為了達到 CCM(IL 使之不降為0在Toff內) So choose 較大的電感 Inductor current peak to peak ripple: ON: OFF: Ripple: We can use this result choose inductor(L). Ia Ib 降壓 Capacitance voltage ripple: AC component of pass through C This result choose C. 降壓 (A)Continuous Current Mode (CCM) Switch ON: 0tDT ON 昇壓 Switch OFF: DTtT OFF Voltage-second balance principle: A=B 昇壓 Inductor current peak to peak ripple: ON: OFF: Ripple: We can use this result choose inductor(L). Capacitance voltage ripple: AC component of pass through C This result choose C. Idavg Ib DT i D 以STEP-UP 為例 .The average output voltage Vo=Vs/(1-D) .The average output or input current Io=Is*(1-D) or Is=Io/(1-D) . The input side ripple current (through inductor) Isr= Vs*D/(f *L) =(Vs-Vo)*(1-D)/(f*L) . The output side ripple voltage(across capacitor ) Vor= (Io*D)/(C*f ) or (Is *D*(1-D))/(C*f ) **How to estimate L** .Assume the PWM operatin