宫内感染与新生儿脑损伤.pdf

临床儿科杂志 第 33 卷第 9 期 2015 年 9 月 J Clin Pediatr Vol.33 No.9 Sep. 2015 · 767 · doi:10.3969 j.issn.1000-3606.2015.09.002 ·专家笔谈· 宫内感染与新生儿脑损伤 石　晶　母得志 四川大学华西第二医院儿童医学中心（四川成都　610041） 摘要:　宫内感染是导致新生儿脑损伤及神经系统功能障碍的重要危险因素。病毒、细菌和原虫可感染子宫腔并导 致胎儿和新生儿脑损伤。炎症反应是宫内感染致新生儿脑损伤的重要致病因素，不同孕期宫内感染导致不同类型脑损 害。临床医师应重视孕期宫内感染的预防，有必要进一步加强临床和基础研究，探索宫内感染致新生儿脑损伤的有效干 预措施。 关键词: 　宫内感染；　脑损伤；　新生儿 Intrauterine infection and neonatal brain damage　SHI Jing, MU Dezhi (Clinical Centeral of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China) Abstract:　 Intrauterine infection is an important risk factor for neonatal brain damage and neurological dysfunction. Viruses, bacteria, and protozoa can cause intrauterine infection which results in neonatal brain damage. The inflammatory response is an important pathogenic factor for neonatal brain damage caused by intrauterine infection. Intrauterine infection in different periods of pregnancy might cause different types of brain damage in neonates. Clinicians should pay attention to the prevention of intrauterine infection during pregnancy. It is necessary to further strengthen the clinical and basic research to explore effective interventions for neonatal brain damage caused by intrauterine infection. Key words:　intrauterine infection;　brain damage;　newborn 新生儿脑损伤是指由于产前、产时或出生后各 构建宫内感染动物模型研究显示，宫内感染可导致 种原因引起的脑组织病理性损害。严重脑损伤可导 新生动物海马、皮质发育不良、脑白质及脑皮质损 [8] 致脑瘫、精神发育迟滞、听力和视听损害及认知障 害，并可导致远期的运动及神经行为缺陷 。 碍等神经系统后遗症[1]。研究显示，胎儿期间一些不 2　宫内感染病原体与感染途径 良因素的暴露，特别是胎儿宫内感染与新生儿脑损 伤及神经系