傅立叶质谱教程.DOCVIP

Part I - FTMS Tutorial Motion of a Charged Particle in a Uniform Magnetic Field: The basic principles of cyclotron motion are based on the fact that the ions of interest are situated in a uniform magnetic field. An ion’s flight path may or may not be deflected depending on which direction the particle is traveling in relation to the direction of the magnetic field.  Case 1 demonstrates a situation where an ion’s velocity, shown by the vector in red, and the magnetic field, shown by the vector in green, are moving parallel to each other in the z-direction. In this case the direction of the ion is not affected in any way by the magnetic field. In Case 2 the ion, shown again in red, is moving perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. When this situation occurs there is a force that is exerted on the ion which causes it to be deflected into circular orbits. This force is given by the following equation: F = q (v × B)F = force on the ionq = charge on the ionv = velocity of the ionB = magnetic field Notice that in the expression we are taking the cross product of the velocity and the magnetic field. When calculating a cross product a factor of sin (where is the angle between the velocity vector and the magnetic field vector) is introduced. Since the velocity and magnetic field vectors are perpendicular in this case, the final cross product will be perpendicular to v and B, and its magnitude the simply the product q v B. This force is shown by the vector in blue. A positively charged particle will be deflected into an orbit in the clockwise direction, while a negatively charged particle will be deflected into a counterclockwise direction. Cyclotron Motion: In the diagram above we are looking down the magnetic field in the bore of our horizontal magnet. Inside this bore is a charged particle moving perpendicular to the magnetic field, which is directed straight off the page at you. The two components which make up this force are the magnetic force, the