ProjectileMotion.pptVIP

* * * * * * PPMF101 – Lecture 4 Motions in 1 2 Dimensions * Vector Scalar quantity Vector A quantity that has magnitude and direction. Eg. Displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, impulse, weight, friction, tension, electric and magnetic field. Scalar A quantity that has magnitude only. Eg. Distance, speed, pressure, energy, heat, work, power, time, charge and temperature. * Distance Displacement Distance Scalar quantity Magnitude only Displacement Vector quantity Magnitude and direction * Speed Speed refers to how far an object travels in a given time interval, regardless of direction. A scalar quantity. * velocity Velocity is used to signify both the magnitude (numerical value) of how fast an object is moving and the direction in which it is moving. A vector quantity. * Instantaneous velocity Instanteneous velocity at any moment is defined as the average velocity over an infinitesimally short time interval. * Acceleration Acceleration specifies how rapidly the velocity of an object is changing. If velocity is increasing it is called acceleration. If velocity is decreasing it is called negative acceleration or deceleration. * Instantaneous acceleration * Graph: displacement (s) vs time (t) Slope = velocity s t s t constant velocity zero velocity Graph: displacement (s) vs time (t) * s t increasing velocity s t decreasing velocity * Graph: velocity(v) vs time(t) (p.25) Slope = acceleration Area under the graph = distance travelled v t velocity increasing uniformly constant acceleration v t constant velocity zero acceleration * Graph: acceleration(a) vs time(t) For constant acceleration. The graph is a straight horizontal line. * v vs t s vs t graphs: braking distances * S vs t v vs t graphs: catching a speeder (p.31) * Equations of motion Constant acceleration a Constant acceleration due to gravity g Examples 1. A runner leaves the starting blocks and accelerates at 2.50 m/s2 for 4.00 s. What speed does the runner reach? 2.