新型固定床生物质气化及制备活性炭试验研究.doc

分类号 密级 U D C 编号 　　　新型固定床生物质气化及制备活性炭研究 　　　　　　　　　　　南 京 工 业 大 学 学 位 论 文 新型固定床生物质气化及制备活性炭研究  Study on Biomass Gasification and Preparation of Activated Carbon in ovel Fixed-bed Dissertation Submitted to Nanjing University of Technology in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering By DONG Baojun Supervisor: Prof. ZHU Yuezhao May 2009 摘 要 生物质气化技术是农林废弃物实现资源化利用的有效途径，对缓解能源压力、保护环境具有双重意义。本文自行设计的新型固定床是对传统固定床气化炉的一种。该技术不但降低了生物质的有效能量损失，解决了传统固定床床层易搭桥的难题本文针对新型固定床的反应模式及所产的特点，结合理论计算、试验研究，对气化特性及进行了研究。其主要内容和结论为： （1）建立了基于物料平衡、化学平衡及能量平衡的生物质气化热力学平衡模型。用该模型对固定床气化区进行理论计算，研究了原料含水量及空气当量比ER对产气的影响。表明原料干基含水量增大，产气热值和气化效率均下降；ER存在一个最优值0.40，此时气化效果最佳。 （2）深入研究了空气量对新型固定床气化炉气化特性的影响。最优空气当量比为0.242，此时燃气中H2含量15.3%、CO含量13.0%、CH4含量2.67%，低位热值为4581.2kJ/Nm3，气化效率为57.1%。气化炉燃气与木炭的综合转化效率最高达86.5%，比常规固定床气化炉高10%~15%。（）温度为600℃（）确了其表观活化能Ea=J/mol，属于受气体滞留膜控制流固相非催化剂反应中粒径不变时的缩芯模型。 关键词：生物质 固定床 气化 ABSTRACT The biomass gasification technology is an effective way to realize synthetic utilization for agricultural and forestry residues, and is significative in both energy saving and environmental protection. It is a technologic innovation to produce activated carbon from the charcoal after gasifying, in which the residues of gasification are endowed with high added value. A novel fixed-bed gasifier has been developed by innovating the traditional fixed-bed gasifiers, which has the function of gasification, carbonization and activation. This technology not only reduces the effective energy loss of biomass, but also solves the problem of “bypass” in the traditional fixed-bed. Charcoal from gasification，which s good material for preparation of activated carbon, is activated immediately by vapour after gasifying, and the technologic coupling of gasification and activation is realized with a lower energy loss and lower cost. According to the react