没有幻灯片标题-英语语言学.ppt

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没有幻灯片标题-英语语言学

Narcissus Narcissus: Greek myth: a beautiful youth who fell in love with his ref-lection in a pool, hence the word : narcissism and the meaning:an interest in or admiration for oneself. Gerrymander: to divide the constituencies of a voting area so as to give one party an unfair advantage; to manipulate or adapt to one’s advantage. 专有名词与普通名词拼缀构成动词,例如: California’s Republican legislature gerrymandered the 26th…to make it overwhelmingly Democratic and turn four adjoining districts into Republican strongholds. 见:英语与社会:p.290 “Gerrymander” comes from Elbridge Gerry, a U.S. politician + (sala)mander(蝾螈;); from the salamander-like outline of an electoral district reshaped for political purposes while Gerry was governor of Massachusetts 见:英语与社会:p.290 Hooverize: vt 节约(粮食等)由Hoover + ize 派生而来。 专有名词与动词词缀连用构成派生动词 见:英语与社会:p.291 ? Herbert Clark Hoover was a U.s. Statesman, 31st president of the U.S.. He organized relief for Europe during and after World War I. As president he made great efforts to reduce government expenses and lost favour after his failure to alleviate the effects of the Depression. When proper nouns are commonized, many of them have lost their original identity: the initial letter may not be capitalized as already shown; these words can take suffixes –ic, ian, -al, -ist,-ese,-ish, -esque to form different words. Irenic( peace-loving) comes from Irene Stentorian( uncommonly loud) comes from Stentor, whose voice is loud Morphine comes from Morpheus, the god of sleep Solecism comes from Soloi, an Athenian colony of Cilicia where the inhabitants spoke a corrupt form of Greek Procrustean: It comes from Procrustes, a giant of Attica who tortured travellers by stretching or cutting off their limbs to make them fit his bed, hence ruthless in trying to force conformity. 这类专有名词转为普通动词在科技英语中尤为常见,尤其是商品名牌商标的动词化,例如: 见:英语与社会:p.291 “Hoover”, “Whiteout”, “Mace” are the trademarks respectively for

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