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POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT 生产与运作管理 Operations Management 主讲教师：吴军 北京邮电大学经管学院 William J. Stevenson junwu@ 8th edition POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT CHAPTER 11 Inventory Management 第十一章 库存管理 POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT Inventory: 商品的库存和储备 独立需求 A 相关需求 B(4) C(2) D(2) E(1) D(3) F(2) POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT Types of Inventories  Raw materials purchased parts原材料/外购件  Partially completed goods called半成品 work in progress  Finished-goods inventories 成品  (manufacturingfirms ) or merchandise (retail stores) POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT Types of Inventories (Cont’d) Replacement parts, tools 更换件/工具  Goods-in-transit to warehouses or customers 在途库存 POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT Functions of Inventory  To meet anticipated demand  满足预期顾客需求  To smooth production requirements  平滑生产要求（季节性库存）  To decouple operations  分离生产运作（缓冲）  To protect against stock-outs  防止缺货 POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT Functions of Inventory (Cont’d)  To take advantage of order cycles  To help hedge against price increases 避免价格上涨  To permit operations  To take advantage of quantity discounts  利用数量折扣 POM, School of Economics and Management, BUPT Objective of Inventory Control  库存管理总目标：在库存成本的合理范围 内达到满意的顾客服务水平 