达芬奇的五大超前构想.docVIP

达芬奇的五大超前构想 　　的五大超前构想 　　Most people probably associate Leonardo da Vinci with his great works of art， like the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper， but this Renaissance man was more than just a great painter―he was also an inspired inventor. 　　Da Vinci sketched out his ideas in notepads， many of which have been preserved since his death in 1519. And while theres no evidence that any of da Vincis contraptions were built during his lifetime， these sketches show that some of his ideas were revolutionary. 　　From flying machines to humanoid robots， here are five da Vinci inventions that were truly before their time. 　　恐怕大多数人都会将列奥纳多?达芬奇和他的那些艺术杰作联系起来，例如《蒙娜丽莎》和《最后的晚餐》；但是，这位文艺复兴的巨匠可不只是一名伟大的画家，他还是一位有着奇思妙想的发明家。 　　达芬奇会将他的构思粗略地画在笔记本上，其中很多这样的笔记本在他1519年去世后都被保存了下来。尽管没有证据能证明达芬奇的任何一项奇妙装置在他有生之年被真正制造出来，但是这些草图表明，他的某些想法在当年可是极具革命性的。 　　从飞行器到人形机器人，达芬奇的下列五项发明完全超越了它们所处的时代。 　　飞行器 　　Da Vincis hundreds of journal entries on human and avian1） flight suggest he longed to soar through the air like a bird. In fact， his designs for a so-called flying machine―carefully sketched out in his notebooks―were modeled after the anatomy2） of birds and bats. 　　Da Vincis designs featured a pair of enormous wings connected to a wooden frame， inside of which an intrepid3） pilot could lie facedown and move the wings up and down by turning a crank4） that moved a series of rods and pulleys5）. But the machine had no engine， so its unclear how it would get off the ground. And even if da Vinci flew his machine off a high cliff， its unlikely that he would have returned to the ground in one piece. 　　The world would have to wait another 400 years or so for a machine that could really fly. It wasnt until 1903 that brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright made their first successful flight in a powered aircraft. 　　Whats often skipped over in history class is the fact that da Vinci also had a more militant6） side. One of his wealthiest patrons7） was Ludovico Sforza， then the Duke of Milan， who at the end of the 15th century w