a novel approach for prediction of 3-d skin structure burning with embedded branched vasculature：一种新的三维皮肤结构燃烧预测方法.pdfVIP

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 78 (2014) 468–480 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer journal homepage: www.else /loc ate/ijhmt A novel approach for prediction of 3-D skin structure burning with embedded branched vasculature Marjan Zare a, Masoud Daneshi a, Ebrahim Shirani b, Mohammad Reza Salimpour a,⇑ a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156 83111, Iran b Foolad Institute of Technology, Fooladshahr, Isfahan 84916 63763, Iran a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Effects of blood vessels in a living tissue subjected to heat transfer radiation are investigated. The heat Received 25 April 2013 transfer between blood flowing inside vessels and the tissue around the vessels is considered. For this Received in revised form 30 June 2014 purpose, temperature distributions in three-dimensional space are evaluated by solving the continuity, Accepted 1 July 2014 momentum and energy equations, numerically. Blood is considered as non-Newtonian fluid using the Available online 25 July 2014 power law model. A precise and realistic model for skin and blood vessels is used to analyze the transient heat transfer through skin. Skin is considered as a three-dimensional structure including three layers Keywords: embedded with counter-current vessels, with optimally branched circular cross sectional areas. Results Skin tissue B