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a reference model for the impact of standardization on multimedia database management systems：标准化对多媒体数据库管理系统影响的参考模型
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ELSEVIER Computer Standards Interfaces 16 (1994) 45-54
A reference model for the impact of standardization
on multimedia database management systems
Irene Kwaaitaal , Martijn Hoogeveen ~, Theo Van Der Weide b
PTT Research, P.O. Box 15000, 9700 CD Groningen, Netherlands
h UniL,ersity ofNijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
Abstract
This article discusses the standardization of MDBMSs which is needed to keep pace with rapid developments in
the area of multimedia systems. A reference model for the impact of standardization on MDBMSs is presented
which summarises the results of a survey of relevant standards. The reference model is used to identify standardiza-
tion gaps. Currently, one of the most important gaps is the lack of a standard multimedia database language for
definition and manipulation of multimedia data.
Key words. Multimedia; DBMS; reference model; standardization
1. Introduction interface to offer its facilities to client applica-
tions. Other interfaces of an MDBMS (see Fig. 1)
Technical developments in the areas of are the interface with external information sys-
DataBase Management Systems (DBMSs) [6], In- tems to exchange data and the interface to the
formation Retrieval Systems (IRSs), [31], Hyper- database in which the data is actually stored. An
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