2015届高考英语词法专项复习学案8.docVIP

动词的时态语态 动词的概说 1.分类 特点 例子 实义v. 及物v +宾语 We love peace. 不及物v 不+宾语 Class begins. +介词+宾语 He is looking at the picture. 情态v.can/may/must +v原 He can speak English. 系v. be 感官v: look. sound. smell. +表语 I’m a teacher. 表状态v. become. get. remain 助v.be/do/have/will/shall 帮助构成时态,语态 I haven’t had my breakfast. 否定句,疑问句 2.形式 a.原形 work b.现在式 work/works c.现在分词working d.过去式 worked e.过去分词worked 二．动词的时态 （一） 概念：动词通过自身变化或加助动词 表动作时间状态. He bought this book yesterday. He is cleaning the room. （二）种类 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 （三）常见常考的时态 1.一般现在时 A.构成 主+be(am/is/are)+... 主+v现在式+... B.用法 ①.表现在.现阶段习惯性动作，客观事实，真理. He is often late. The earth is round. ②.表将来 a.按计划或时间表要发生的事 The plane takes off at 2:00 this afternoon. b.时间.条件句中主将从现（从句现在时表将来） When he gets to the village. he will write to me. If it dosen’t rain tomorrow, we’ll have a picnic. 2.一般过去时 A.构成 主+be(was/were)+... 主+v-ed+... B.用法 ①过去习惯性动作或客观事实 He always took an umbrella. ②used to do 过去常常（现在不做了） I used to take a walk after supper. 3.现在进行时 A.构成 主+be(am/is/are)+doing+... B.用法 ①表现在现阶段正在进行的动作 What lessons are you studying this week? ②表将来（限于 come. go. arrive. Return...） How many of you are coming to the party next week. ③比一般现在时更具感情色彩 He always forgets the important thing. He is always forgetting the important thing.(抱怨) 4.过去进行时 A.构成 主+was/were+ doing +... B.用法 ①过去某时正在做某事 He was watching TV at 9:00 last night. ②过去将来（限于 come. go. arrive. Return...） She asked him whether he was coming back for lunch. ③比一般过去时更具感情色彩 5.将来进行时 A.构成 主+will/shall be doing… B.用法 ①表 将来某时 正在进行的动作 What will you be doing this time tomorrow? ②表 即将 或 按计划 要发生的动作 He will be leaving for Shanghai soon. ③表 将来某时开始 并 持续下去的动作 He’s gone to Canada and he’ll be living there. 6.一般将来时 A.构成 主+be(am/is/are)going to do(有计划将来) 主+will/shall do（