基于ATC单片机超声波测距仪的设计要点详解.doc

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基于ATC单片机超声波测距仪的设计要点详解.doc

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基于AT89C52单片机超声波测距仪的设计 BASED ON AT89C51 ULTRASONIC RANGEFINDER DESIGN 学生姓名学院名称专业名称指导教师目录摘要···········································1 1绪论············································3 1.1课题研究的背景··································3 1.2课题提出及研究的意义····························4 1.2.1课题的提出···································4 1.2.2课题的研究意义·······························4 2超声波的介绍和超声波的测距原理··················4 2.1超声波的介绍····································4 2.1.1什么是超声波········································4 2.1.1超声波的特性及特点··································4 2.1.3超声波的应用········································5 2.2超声波测距的原理及误差分析······················5 2.2.1超声波的测距原理····································5 2.2.2超声波的误差分析····································6 2.3单片机实现测距原理····································7 3系统硬件设计····································7 3.1系统结构设计····································7 3.2单片机AT89C52最小系统··························8 3.2.1单片机的功能········································8 3.2.2主要性能参数········································9 3.2.3 AT89C52的管脚说明··································9 3.3 DS18B20温度传感器简介··························11 3.4 T40 R40超声波传感器简介························11 3.4.1超声波传感器的基本介绍······························11 3.4.2 超声波传感器的基本原理······························12 3.5 LM7805稳压集成电路·····························12 3.5.1 LM7805介绍·········································12 3.5.2 LM7805特点··········································12 3.5.3 LM7805实际应用······································12 3.6 LM567 锁相环····································13 3.6.1 LM567概述···········································13 3.6.2 LM567 功能叙述······································13 3.6.3 LM567 主要参数······································13 3.7 超声波发射器电路································14 3.8超声波检测接受电路······························15 3.9 显示电路········································15 3.10 LM7805电平转换电路········