口译实战原则教案详解.pptVIP

口译原则2 被动语态 英语中被动语态的使用远远高于汉语。英语中凡是受事方是谈话主题，不愿或无法说出施事者，或出于语句衔接的需要时，皆用被动。 During the session on the issue of world peace, global environment, regional conflicts or in the forums of economic cooperation, cultural communication, the speakers try to use the courteous words to achieve the appropriateness. To achieve such Constructive Ambiguity （建设性模糊）, passive voice is one of the effective means. 1. The question now is whether the solemn promises of the Special Session can be translated into the strategies and substantive investments in children. 2. Nuclear power’s danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation. 1.现在的问题是特别会议上的庄重承诺是否能转变为战略和针对儿童的实际投资。 （本句译文的主语仍为主语。汉语中的被动语态常体现在意念中，我们称“隐性被动”。） 2. 核能对健康、安全、甚至对生命本身构成的危险可以用一个词来概括，那就是辐射。 口译中要特别注意英语中通过词汇手段表示的隐性被动。 1. 名词或物主代词修饰名词 his promotion ( 他被提升 ), the prisoner’s exile (囚犯的被流放), the minister’s discharge (部长的被解雇 ), his nomination ( 他被提名 ) 2. 介词短语 on penalty (受罚 ), on the shelf (受到冷落 ), under the influence of ( 受…的影响), under the attack ( 受到…攻击), under criticism ( 受到…批评 ) 3. 形容词（短语） be welcome (受欢迎的), be suject to (受…制约的), be deprived of (被剥夺的), respectable (可敬的), unmistakable (不会被误解的) 3. While states must take measures to protect their citizens against terror, they must also recognize that security cannot be achieved at the expense of human rights. 4. UN website is now accessed in 170 countries and territories, and the number of hits recorded annually crossed the 1 billion mark on 19 Oct. 2001. 3.虽然各国必须采取措施保护本国公民免受恐怖之害，但它们也必须认识到安全的取得不能以人权为代价。(形式上英语的动词转换为汉语的名词，其实也是英语的谓语变成了汉语的主语。） 4. 联合国网址的登录范围已达170个国家和地区，点击次数年度记录突破了10亿大关，时间是2001年10月19日。 5. Our International Club was founded a year ago to help foreign businessmen in this city meet together. 6. Our plan has been completely wrecked by bad weather. 5. 我们这个国际俱乐部是一年前成立的，目的是便于本市的外国商人聚会。 （英语中有许多表示某种结果或状态的被动结构，一般可转换为汉语的系表结构） 6. 我们的计划完全落空了，因为天气恶劣。 比较笔译： 恶劣的天气使我们的计划完全落空了 7. Globalization is characterized by an