统计建模与R软件-第4~9章习题解析.docVIP

4.1 矩法 x-c(0.1,0.2,0.9,0.8,0.7,0.7) n-length(x) A1-mean(x); M2-(n-1)/n*var(x) a1-1/(1-A1)-2;a1 [1] 0.3076923 极大似然估计 f-function(a2){sum(log(x))+n/(1+a2)} out-uniroot(f,c(0,1));a2-out$root;a2 [1] 0.211182 4.2 指数分布，λ的极大似然估计是n/sum(Xi) x-c(rep(5,365),rep(15,245),rep(25,150),rep(35,100),rep(45,70),rep(55,45),rep(65,25)) lamda-length(x)/sum(x);lamda [1] 0.05 4.3 Poisson分布P(x=k)=λ^k/k!*e^(-λ)其均数和方差相等，均为λ，其含义为平均每升水中大肠杆菌个数。取均值即可。 x-c(rep(0,17),rep(1,20),rep(2,10),rep(3,2),rep(4,1)) mean(x) [1] 1 平均为1个。4.4 obj-function(x){f-c(-13+x[1]+((5-x[2])*x[2]-2)*x[2],-29+x[1]+((x[2]+1)*x[2]-14)*x[2]) ;sum(f^2)}? x0-c(0.5,-2) nlm(obj,x0) $minimum [1] 48.98425 $estimate [1] 11.4127791 -0.8968052 $gradient [1]? 1.411401e-08 -1.493206e-07 $code [1] 1 $iterations [1] 16 4.5 x-c(54,67,68,78,70,66,67,70,65,69) t.test(x)??????? #t.test()做单样本正态分布区间估计??????? One Sample t-test data:? x t = 35.947, df = 9, p-value = 4.938e-11 alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval: ?63.1585 71.6415 sample estimates: mean of x ???? 67.4 平均脉搏点估计为 67.4 ，95%区间估计为 63.1585 71.6415 。 t.test(x,alternative=less,mu=72)? #t.test()做单样本正态分布单侧区间估计??????? One Sample t-test data:? x t = -2.4534, df = 9, p-value = 0.01828 alternative hypothesis: true mean is less than 72 95 percent confidence interval: ???? -Inf 70.83705 sample estimates: mean of x ???? 67.4 p值小于0.05，拒绝原假设，平均脉搏低于常人。4.6 x-c(140,137,136,140,145,148,140,135,144,141);x ?[1] 140 137 136 140 145 148 140 135 144 141 y-c(135,118,115,140,128,131,130,115,131,125);y ?[1] 135 118 115 140 128 131 130 115 131 125 t.test(x,y,var.equal=TRUE) ??????? Two Sample t-test data:? x and y t = 4.6287, df = 18, p-value = 0.0002087 alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval: ? 7.53626 20.06374 sample estimates: mean of x mean of y 140.6???? 126.8 期望差的95%置信区间为? 7.53626 20.06374 。4.7 x-c(0.143,0.142,0.143,0.137) y-c(0.140,0.142,0.136,0.138,0.140) t.test(x,y,var.equ