电弧喷涂快速制模 硕士毕业论文.doc

摘 要 模具是工业非常重要的加工装备，担负着加工几乎所有工用农用的机械零部件的重要使命，比如飞机，汽车，仪表电器，塑料，玻璃等不开模具。模具应用的范围相当广泛，作用十分巨大，它直接影响到企业在市场中的竞争力。传统的模具制作工艺落后，精度很低，制造周期长，直接影响了模具的制造精度和生产效率在进入21世纪后，比如汽车行业，产品更新换代比较快，所以模具就要适应这一趋势，提出高精度、高效率、高寿命三高模具来顺应小批量、多品种这种发展趋势。 自从80年代末出现了快速原型技术以后，快速制模技术得到了长足的发展，解决了传统模具样模制造精度低周期长的瓶颈问题，能够较快制造出各种复杂形状的模具，从而顺应了模具制造业的趋势，增加了企业在市场中的竞争力。快速制模方法主要分为直接制模和间接制模，其中以间接制模工艺比较成熟，应用比较广泛。电弧喷涂快速制模是间接制模方法中的一种，在中国采用这种工艺主要用于一些低熔点的塑料模具的制造，而在国外已有采用电弧喷涂制模方法制造钢基模具的报道。钢基模具具有高硬度高耐磨性高抗压性等很多的优点，但是受我国设备和技术的限制，采用电弧喷涂方法来制造钢基模具并不广泛，因为我们无法很好地解决模具喷涂层的残余应力问题，钢模的复制精度得不到保证。如果我们能够从现有的喷涂材料入手，选择出一些喷涂层残余应力小、硬度高和耐磨性好的一些钢丝来完成喷涂，这样既能节约成本又能达到使用要求，很好地解决了电弧喷涂制造钢模的顾虑。 本次试验就是从现有的电弧喷涂钢丝中选择出成本相对较低、并有可能达到要求的3Cr13、65Mn、70#和82B钢丝，将它们按照所测试的性能要求喷涂出来，对它们进行了组织分析、硬度、耐磨性、抗拉强度和冲击韧性方面性能的测试，并将它们同模具Cr12钢进行了比较，从中选择出性能较好的丝材完成电弧喷涂制造钢基模具。roperty Study of Steel Mould Shaped Material by Arc Spraying Abstract The mould is the very important manufacturing machinery?of the industry which shoulder?important mission for almost all the accessories of farm and industry，including aircraft，automobile，electric instrument and apparatus?，plastic and glass. The field of application is very abroad and its action is very large. It directly affects the enterprise's competitive power in the market. The traditional mould manufacturing?technology is very under-developed whose precision is low and manufacturing cycle is very long，so it directly affect the mould precision and production efficiency. When entering 21 century，for example the automobile industry，productions are upgraded frequently，so for the sake of adapting to the trend of development，bringing forward such mould have high precision and high efficiency as well as high longevity. Since the advent of RP by the late 1980s，the rapid tooling technology has made remarkable progress，solving the bottleneck problem that the conventional mould whose precision is low and manufacturing cycle is very long，and can manufacturing mould who has all kinds of complex shape，adapting to the trend of development and adding t